180 
PROCEEDINGS OF THE PERTHSHIRE SOCIETY OF NATURAL SCIENCE. 
Probably more than one other species should be included 
in this list, but information is needed as to what the species 
are. A small herd of Bottle-nose Whales visited the Old 
Harbour at Perth many years ago, but as the name 
“Bottle-nose ’’ is given to several species it is now impos¬ 
sible to say what this particular one was. 
Order Ungulata. 
14. The Red Deer (Cervus elaphus L.). Still common in 
several parts of the Highlands of Perthshire. We possess 
two very fine specimens, thanks to the kind generosity of 
Lady Willoughby d’Eresby. Though now confined to 
deer-forests and their neighbourhood, this species once 
occurred all over the country. We have a proof of this in 
a head which we possess from the “ buried forest” bed of 
the Carse of Gowrie. 
15. The Roe-Deer ( Capreolus caprcea Gray) is common 
throughout Perthshire, but as yet wa have only one small 
specimen without antlers. It is unnecessary to add that 
other specimens will be very acceptable. The Fallow 
Deer ( Cervus dami L.) occurs in several parts of Perth¬ 
shire but it is not an indigenous species. 
Order Insectivora. 
16. The Hedgehog ( Erinaceus europosus L.). Very com¬ 
mon, at least in the Lowlands. Information is desirable 
as to its distribution in the Highland part of the county. 
We possess only three examples, and Highland ones 
are desirable. This is one of the fifteen or sixteen species 
that have occurred within the municipal boundariesof Perth. 
17. The Mole ( Talpa europcea L.) Too common to 
require mention beyond the fact that we have no speci¬ 
mens except one (a fawn coloured variety), and that there¬ 
fore specimens are needed, both Lowland and Highland. 
Several colour-varieties occur, and should be secured. 
This is one of the animals which should be skinned as soon 
as killed, as otherwise the fur on the sides of the abdomen 
is apt to come off. 
18. The Common Shrew ( Sorex tetragonurus Herm,). 
19. The Lesser Shrew {S. minutus L.). 
20. The Water Shrew ( Crossopus fodiens Pall.). 
These are all probably more or less common, but we 
possess examples of only one of them—the water-shrew. 
These animals may be thus distinguished from each other 
—the water-shrew has the upper edge of the lower incisor 
(front) teeth nearly entire, and the tail and feet have a 
fringe of stiff hairs. The other two have these teeth 
formed like a saw at the edge, and their tails and feet 
have not the fringe of stiff hairs. The common shrew is 
reddish mouse-colour above, paler below, and the tail is 
rather shorter than the body; the lesser shrew is a smaller 
animal (less than two inches without the tail), and is brown 
above and white beneath, and the tail is usually longer 
than the rest of the body; the water-shrew is nearly black 
above and white beneath, but is subject to much variation 
in its colour, the tail is two-thirds the length of the body. 
There are other points of distinction between the three 
species, hut these will serve to identify them. Specimens 
of all of them from various localities, are very desirable, as 
reliable information about their distribution in the county 
is much needed, as well as specimens for the collection. 
Order Cheiroptera. 
21. The Common Bat (Vesperugo pipistrellus Schreb.). 
Common enough, but (I suppose consequently) we have 
only a single example. I suspect, but I may be wrong, 
that since the severe winters we had a few years ago, bats 
have been less common here than they were before. In¬ 
formation is desirable as to the distribution of the common 
bat in the Highland districts, and a* to the altitude it 
ascends on the hills. 
22. The Long-eared Bat (Plecotus auritus L.). Probably 
not rare, at least in the Lowlands, hut I know nothing 
about its distribution, and hence information would be ac¬ 
ceptable. We have only two specimens. 
It is probable that one or more other species of bats may 
occur with us, as, for example, Daubenton’s Bat (Vesperugo 
| Daulentoni Leisl.), but this can be ascertained only by 
procuring specimens. One of the horse-shoe bats (so called 
because of the membranous appendage upon the nose) is 
suspected (on good grounds) to have occurred near Loch 
Tay, but as it is not otherwise known as a native of Scot¬ 
land, and as no specimen has been preserved, we cannot 
admit it into this list at present. 
Order Bodentia. 
23. The Squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris L.). Now common in 
all the wooded districts, though at one time it had become 
rare, if not extinct, in many places, owing to the destruc¬ 
tion of the woods. We have only two specimens, and 
hence require more to illustrate the distribution. The fur 
is subject to some variation in colour, being different in 
summer, autumD, and winter. Our specimens show the 
summer fur, so that we require specimens procured at 
other seasons. The autumnal specimens have paler 
(cream-coloured) tails. 
24. The Black Rat (SIus rattus L.). This is sometimes 
confounded with the black variety of the water-vole—a 
very different animaL We have no evidence that the 
black rat was ever a Perthshire animal, but as at one time 
it was the common rat of the country, there is little doubt 
that it was. It seems to have been introduced into Bri- 
