SKETCHES OE EUROPEAN ORNITHOLOGY. 
851 
Red-throated Pipit, Antlius rufogularis ,—Pipit a-gorge-rouge, Fr. — A mala 
and female occupy the plate, “ drawn from Nature,” but, although destitute of 
any glaring fault, evident^ not from life. Inhabits India and Africa, and has 
been met with in Sicily. The upper parts of the adult female are much lighter 
than those of the male ; young birds resemble the adult male, but have the light 
margins of the upper surface less extensive. This species is distinguished from 
the rest of its congeners by the rufous tint of its throat. 
Brunnich’s Guillemot, Utia Brunnickii, —Guillemot a-gros-bec, Fr. —The 
figure is of the natural size, and in the supposed Summer plumage, which resem¬ 
bles that of the Common Guillemot, except that the dark parts are more intense 
[n colour. It is distinguished from U. troile by the stout and abbreviated form 
of its bill. It abounds in Greenland, Spitzbergen, Davis’s Straits, and Baffin’s 
Bay. Mr. Gould also believes that it must occur in Scandinavia and on the 
Northern shores of Britain. 
Keptuschka Lapwing, Vanellus Keptuschka ,—Vanneau Keptuschka, Fr .— 
Two figures are given, of the living size, representing an adult male and a young 
bird, forwarded respectively by Professor Lichtenstein and Keith Abbott, Esq. 
M. Lichtenstein and Dr. Wagler consider this bird and V. gregarhts to be 
identical. Inhabits the East of Europe, the marshes of Siberia, and is common 
in Persia and Asia-Minor. Young birds want the rich chesnut on the flanks of 
the adult, the black on the crown of the head, &c. 
Eastern Toadeater, Bubo Ascalaphus ,—Hibou Ascalaphus, Fr. —An adult 
male is figured, nearly the natural size, and finely executed. Inhabits the temper¬ 
ate regions of Asia and Africa, and has been observed in Sicily and Sardinia. Mr. 
Gould believes B. Bengalensis of his Century of Birds to be identical with the 
present species. 
Dusky Shearwater, Puffinus obscurus ,—Petrel obscur, Fr.— An adult, 
natural size, figures in the plate. Inhabits the Southern seas, being seldom seen 
further North than the Mediterranean. More abundant on the African shores, 
which may be considered its true habitat. There are no seasonal or sexual changes 
of plumage to be recorded. This bird so closely resembles P. Anglorum , that, were 
it not for its inferior size, the distinctions between the species would scarcely 
be recognised. 
Black-winged Xeme, Xema atricilla ,—Mouette a-ailes-noires, Fr. —An adult, 
natural dimensions, is very well figured. Common in the United States of 
America ; but although a few specimens have been met with in Europe, it is not 
Larus atricilla of Temminck. We believe the only known appearance of the 
Black-winged Xeme in Europe is that recorded by Montagu, who saw seven 
individuals in the South of England, and states that it may easily be known 
from the Black-headed Gull even when flying. “ The bird,” he observes, “ appears 
