SKETCHES OF EUROPEAN ORNITHOLOGY. 
409 
its latter condition, the Yellow Wagtail, now separated from it, by removal of 
the last to the genus Oat-ear, Budgies. In Summer both sexes assume, with a 
brighter plumage, a circumscribed patch of black—not so intense in the female as 
the male—upon the throat. After the Autumnal moult, the black disappearing, 
is replaced by a yellowish-grey tinge. Yet, even in this state, the species may 
be distinguished from its former congener, by a more 44 slender and symmetrical ” 
figure, the 44 grey colour of the back, and bright -sulphur hue of the rump.” The 
Grey Wagtail, regarded as a British bird, is an intra-insular vagrant; not 
wandering, even in Winter, beyond the precints of our own island. It migrates 
to its Northern breeding-places in April; and, having achieved the important 
process of incubation, returns, about October, to the more genial regions of the 
South. 
Golden-eye, Clangula vulgaris. —The male and female of this interesting 
species, the Golden-eyed Garrot,— Clangula bimaculata ,— clirysophthalma of 
modern ornithologists,—( Anas clangula of Linnaeus), Canard Garrot, Fr .— 
Anatra Canone Domenicano, It. —die Schelle Ente, G.,—are here depicted, two- 
thirds of the natural size, with uncommon fidelity of ^outline, and in an admirable 
style of colouring. Besides this there is only one other species, C. histrionica , of 
the newly-constituted genus. It is principally distinguished from its congener 
by the existence of a large white spot at the base of the bill, on each side; and 
has hence obtained the specific designation bimaculata , or two-spotted. The 
female differs widely in plumage from the male ; and was once referred, with the 
immature bird of that sex, to a distinct genus, under the title of Anas glaucion , 
or Morillon. Anatomical inspection of the trachea, which is very singularly 
constituted, and exhibits, in the young and the adult male, perfect identity of 
structure, has served to rectify the error. This structure, of which even Tem- 
minck’s description fails to convey a correct idea, is well illustrated by Latham’s 
drawing—figures 1 and 2—in plate xv. of Vol. IV. of the Linncean Trans - 
actions . 
Grey-headed Green Woodpecker, Ficus canus^—( K P . viridis Norvegicus , —• 
viridicanus ,— canictps , of various authors), Pic cendre, Fr .—Picchio verde di 
Norvegia, It .—der Graukopfige oder Grungraue Specht, G.,—has very frequently 
been confounded with Ficus viridis , the common Green Woodpecker of Europe; 
but may be distinguished from that bird by its rather smaller size, and the grey 
colour of the head; the red mark on the top of which is more circumscribed, 
while in the female it is entirely wanting. It inhabits the North of Europe, and 
—if Temminck’s assertion, the accuracy of which is, however, questioned by Mr. 
Gould, may be relied upon—the corresponding regions of America. The figures 
of a male and female, of the natural size, are here admirably delineated. The 
