2 SO 
MRS. G. C. FRANKLAND AND DR, P. F. FRANKLAND 
there were numerous very motile bacilli, generally isolated, but occasionally forming 
longer threads. 
© 
After 24 hours the bacilli were perfectly motionless, generally in pairs or in threads 
of three and four. After 48 hours the bacilli were still stationary, and there was 
abundant spore-formation, each segment exhibiting a shining oval spore in its interior. 
As the cultivation increased in age the threads were gradually broken up and the 
spores liberated. The free spores exhibit vibratory movement. 
Appearance in Cultivations. 
Gelatine. —The mode of growth essentially resembles that of the Bacillus subtilis in 
this medium, the only difference being that it causes more rapid liquefaction of the 
gelatine than the latter. 
Broth. — Growth practically identical with that of Bacillus subtilis in this medium. 
Agar-agar. —The growth in this medium presents a marked difference to that of 
Bacillus subtilis. It forms a moist, grey-white, smooth, wax-like expansion, which 
rapidly extends over the surface of the agar-agar. Even in very old cultivations no 
wrinkling, but only slight granulation of the surface, takes place. 
Appearance on plate-cultivation. —Owing to the exceedingly rapid liquefaction of 
the gelatine which this organism causes, it is necessary to examine the plates within 
24 hours of their being poured, in order to observe the first appearances presented by 
the colonies. 
We have examined a number of plate-cultivations of this organism, but the following 
description will serve to illustrate the progressive development of the colonies. 
After keeping the plate at 18-20° C. for 18 hours, the colonies were just visible to 
the naked eye as small white dots, no apparent liquefaction having yet set in. Under 
a low power (x 100) the colonies appear as round or oval woolly masses having a 
finely spinose edge, from which, in many cases, long whip-like and spirally-coiled 
threads extended into the surrounding gelatine. Some of the colonies, on reaching 
the surface, gave rise to highly-irregular filamentous growths consisting of bands of 
fine threads, as subsequently described and drawn in the case of the colonies of Bacillus 
subtilis. (See Plate 20, fig. 5, Nos, 5c, 5 f) These filamentous surface-growths sometimes 
appear as though they were not derived from any colony of the usual kind, but had 
arisen quite independently ; this appears to be due to the colony from which they 
proceed having been situated very near the surface, and having only attained very 
insignificant dimensions before reaching it ; and, having once arrived there, the 
growth on the surface is enormously more rapid than in the depth, and soon produces 
liquefaction. Other colonies, again, situated in the depth of the gelatine, exhibit a 
more uniformly spinose contour, as seen in Plate 20, fig. 3, No. 2>b. 
After 24 hours the colonies had considerably increased in size, being very apparent 
to the naked eye, although active liquefaction had not yet set in. Under a low power 
