282 
MRS. G. C. FRANKLAND AND DR. P. F. FRANKLAND 
Appearance in Cultivations. 
Gelatine. —The growth gives rise in the course of a few days to liquefaction of the 
gelatine in the form of a long funnel, the lower part of which throws out feathery 
lateral extensions into the adjacent gelatine. (See Plate 20, fig. 5, No. 5a.) Soon 
the liquefaction extends across the tube at the surface, and ultimately involves its 
whole contents, a tough white pellicle forming on the surface, the liquid below becoming 
clear, and a large quantity of flocculent matter becoming deposited at the bottom. 
Agar-agar. —The growth rapidly extends over the surface as a white opaque ex¬ 
pansion, which soon assumes a dry appearance and becomes copiously wrinkled and 
puckered. (See Plate 20, fig. 5, No. 5b.) 
Broth .—Grows rapidly, rendering the liquid turbid and giving rise to a white 
deposit at the bottom, and forming a pellicle on the surface which gradually increases 
in thickness and tenacity. 
Appearance on plate-cultivation .—The colonies become visible to the naked eye in 
about two days’ time as small white dots when beneath, whilst on the surface they 
exhibit a very small liquefied circle of a greyish hue. 
Under a low power (xlOO) the colonies in the depth of the gelatine are seen to 
have an irregular contour, with short spinose extensions in parts of the circumference, 
and the interior of each colony has a wavy structure, as if composed of coiled threads. 
(See Plate 20, fig. 5, No. 5 cl.) As the colonies increase in size the internal structure 
becomes less defined, whilst the circumference becomes uniformly spinose (See Plate 20, 
fig. 3, No. 3b.) 
In the early stages (about after two days’ growth) the surface of the gelatine 
presents in places small cloudy expansions, which, when viewed under a 1ow t power 
( X 106) exhibit a most characteristic appearance, which seems to have hitherto escaped 
observation, consisting of a highly-irregular figure (see Plate 20, fig. 5, No. 5e), com¬ 
posed of parallel bands of fine threads arranged in a much-contorted pattern. This 
appears to be the form assumed by the colonies on first reaching the surface of the 
gelatine, for, on further preserving a plate exhibiting a number of such “ thread ” 
colonies, in the course of a day or two their appearance will be found to have entirely 
changed, their place being taken lay a liquefied surface, the margin of which exhibits 
the usual spinose character first described. In Plate 20, fig. 5, No. 5 f, an ordinary 
spinose colony in the depth is seen to be breaking out into a thread-expansion where it 
has readied the surface. 
Tubes both of gelatine and agar-agar were inoculated from both varieties of colony, 
each giving rise to the same characteristic appearances already described. Plates 
were again prepared from these separate cultivations, and both varieties of colony 
obtained from each cultivation. 
It thus appears that Bacillus subtilis as well as B. cereus, described above, both 
form colonies of several different types, the form of which depends upon the position 
in the gelatine-film of the bacilli from which they are derived. 
