LEPIDOPTEROUS PUPvE AND THEIR SURROUNDING SURFACES. 
343 
night of August 22 with those of Division A. in this series. The history of the 
larvae is given below :— 
Aug. 23, evening 
2 larvae on roof: the 3rd (last added) 
(10.15 p.m.) 
on floor. 
Aug. 24, 8.35 a.m. 
The last added suspended from side : 
Larva 1 may have been suspended about 
others still on roof. 
3.30 a.m. 
,, 9.15 A.M. 
Another suspended : the other has come 
Larva 2 suspended about 9 A.M. 
down again and wandering. 
,, 3 may have come down about 
8.55 a.m. 
,, 12 noon 
Last still wandering. 
„ 2.43 p.m. 
It has gone up side, and is resting on it 
Larva 3 may have gone up about 1.21 p.m. 
„ 5.35 p.m. 
Suspended . 
,, 3 suspended about 4 p.m. 
„ 11.30 p.m. 
Suspended. 
Aug. 25, 8.40 a.m. 
The first two larvae have pupated some 
1 and 2 may have pupated about 4 a.m. 
hours. 
Stage Ill. in 1 was about 241? hours. 
,, in 2 was about 19 hours. 
,, 8.50 a.m. 
The last larva has pupated in the last 
Hence Stage III. occupied almost exactly 
10 minutes. 
16f hours in Larva 3. 
Two of the pupae were near together, towards the top of the side of the cylinder 
farthest from the window, and 1*7 centimetres apart ; the third was on the roof. 
Of the 3 pupae the 1 on the roof was a darkish.(3). 
Of the 2 ,, side 1 (the larva last added) was . . . (4), without much gold. 
— I, the last to pupate, was a very light (3). 
3 
( /3) In the other, rather higher, cylinder two similar normal larvae were left. 
Aug. 24, 8.35 a.m. 
Both suspended. 
They may have suspended about 3.30 a.m. 
,, 2.55 p.m. 
1 has pupated since 2.43 P.M. 
Pupation at 2.50 p.m. Hence Stage III. 
would be about 11 hours. 
,, 6.5 p.m. 
The 2nd has pupated since 5.35 p.m. . 
Pupation at 6.45 p.m. Hence Stage III. 
would be about 15 j hours. 
The pupae were both on the roof and 1 '5 centimetres apart. The two pupae were 
both very light (3). 
This experiment confirms the conclusion derived from the others : that the spines 
do not contain any organ essential to the larval sensitiveness to colour influences. 
It is also seen, as in the other divisions, that the white surroundings are much 
less powerful than the gilt surroundings in the direction of producing the gilded 
appearance on the pupae. There are also some additional data for the estimate of the 
duration of Stage III., and in the case of Larva 3 in the (a) subdivision the stage has 
been defined with practical accuracy (I6f hours). In the other larvae there are 
possibilities of wide differences from the times at which it is assumed that suspension 
began or pupation took place, and therefore less importance is to be attached to the 
estimates. The preparatory period had in all cases commenced before the larvae were 
periodically examined, but in Larva 3, subdivision (a), 34^ hours elapsed after the 
examination began. This larva was evidently in Stage II. at the commencement of the 
