LEPIDOPTEROUS PUP.E AND THEIR SURROUNDING SURFACES. 
365 
Sepfc. 3, 10.15 a.m.-3 p.m. . 
,, 3 P.M. 
„ 3.45 p.m. 
„ 6.15 p.m. 
,, 11 p.m. 
Sept. 4, 9.25 a.m. 
» 1 P-M. 
„ 6.30 p.m. 
,, 8.30 p.m. 
„ 12 MIDNIGHT . . . 
The 14 larvae were introduced into the cylinder at these hours, and at 
various times between them. 
1 suspended. 
(About 12.23 p.m.) 
1 suspended. 
(About 3.22 p.m.) 
1 suspended (about 5 p.m.), but all the rest on the top. 
2 suspended (about 8.23 p.m.), but many others with the boss of silk 
spun and ready for suspension. 
All 14 suspended, but no pupation yet. 
2 pupated an hour or so. (If pupation be fixed at 12 a.m., the duration 
of Stage III. would be 23 hours 37 minutes and 20 hours 38 minutes 
respectively.) 
7 pupated at various times since the hour last noted. (If 3.45 p.m. be 
estimated as the time of pupation, Stage III. would be 22J hours in 
one case and rather over 19 hours in two others.) 
4 pupated ; 1 quite recently. 
1 has now pupated; the last. 
Results of comparison, 
Sept. 7 (with all others 
mentioned as compared 
on this day). 
All 14 were hanging together from the tissue-paper top of the cylinder, 
i.e., that part of its side which was uppermost, and which was lined 
internally with black tissue-paper. There was hardly any gold, or 
none at all, on these pupae. 
Of the 14 pupae— 
3 were rather outlying on one side, and of these 2 were (3). 
1 was dark (3). 
1 was rather outlying on the other side, and was (3). 
10 formed a central group, of which 3 were (2). 
2 „ dark (3). 
— 5 „ (3). 
14 
Analysing the results of the two experiments, we find the following :— 
Degrees of colour : (1), darkest and least golden, 
(5), lightest and most golden. 
(1) 
(2) 
Dark 
(3). 
(3) 
Light 
(3). 
(4) 
(5) 
(«) Black surroundings in the dark . 
2 
2 
4 
3 
2 
( 8 ) Black surroundings in strong light. 
3 
3 
8 
Upon the whole, the results are not widely different, and, as further throwing light 
on the comparison, I find a note that the light (3) on the side of the cylinder in (a) 
subdivision is much more golden than any pupse in the (/3) subdivision, which, as 
a whole, were rather distinguished from the others by the extreme absence of gold. 
It is to be noted that the larvae of (y3) did not suspend themselves as soon as the 
others, and therefore passed a longer part of the preparatory period in their cylinders. 
The result of the experiment was very satisfactory in its bearing upon the proposed 
conflicting colour experiments, for in these I could not well place part of a larva in 
complete darkness, while it would be comparatively easy to surround it by black 
