LEP1D0PTER0US PUP^E AND THEIR SURROUNDING SURFACES. 
427 
It is probable that these surprising results are due to the peculiarly deep and 
strong colour of the paint, against which the usual bright transparent yellowish-green, 
or the delicate emerald-green of the (5) degree of colour, would have been tit least as 
conspicuous as the darker varieties which were actually found. There was certainly a 
great contrast between the colour of the gate and the more delicate green tints used 
in the preceding experiments, 
VII. Blue. 
A. 
September 11, 8.45 p.m. 10 nearly mature larvse of P. rcipce were placed in a card¬ 
board tray (1*72 decimetre in length, 8*4 centimetres in width, and 2*7 centimetres in 
depth) lined internally with dark-blue paper, and with a clear glass front, which was 
directed towards a strong north-east light, the tray being placed vertically close to the 
window. A small amount of the food-plant (mignonette) on which the larvse were 
found at Seaview was also included in the tray. No notes were taken as to the times 
of pupation. 
Results .—Eight living pupse were obtained, and of these 5 were crowded together 
in the angle made by two of the sides, one of which formed the roof in the position 
in which the tray was placed. 
Of tlie 5 pup®.3 were (3), 1 with, more of the pigment patches than usual, 
although less of the grey dusting, and 
with a yellowish-pink ground-colour. The 
others lighter than usual for this degree, 
and with a pinkish ground-colour. 
2 ,, (4), 1 typical, with a very pale pinkish ground¬ 
colour, and 1 with very little pigment 
and a pale yellowish-green ground-colour. 
3 pupae were isolated on the sides, 
and of these.2 were (3), typical, with a yellowish-pink ground-colour 
as far as it could he seen through the 
abundant grey dusting. 
1 was (4), with a distinct pinkish ground-colour, and 
rather more pigment than usual for this 
degree. 
It is quite clear that tbe bine background was without special effect on the larvse, 
acting merely as a moderately dark surface in abundant white light, with results 
intermediate between those of a black and of a white background. 
Now that I have given the results of experiments in which all the colours of the 
spectrum have been used except violet, it will be well to make a tabular analysis of 
the whole, with the view of testing the relative effects of the colours, and of investi¬ 
gating the effect upon pigment of the predominance of rays of any particular wave¬ 
length in the light incident upon the larval surface, or of combinations which produce 
a corresponding effect on the Vertebrate eye. 
3 i 2 
