516 
MR. F. GOTCH ON THE ELECTROMOTIVE PROPERTIES 
Time of galvanometer 
closure :— 
•005"—001" 
■01"-015" 
•015"--02" 
■02"-025" 
•025"—03" 
•03"—035" 
•035"--04" 
Temperature of organ. 
5° C. 
. , 
, . 
+ 100 
P 165 
+ 80 
+ 10 
G. iV 
G. y?y 
G. Uy 
G- To 
20° C. 
, . 
+ 130 
+ 40 
. . 
, , 
• • 
d 
o 
O 
t-H 
G. yV 
G.Uy 
+ 100 
+ 170 
P 40 
+ 5 
G. y^y 
G. Uq 
G. Jy 
Interval of twenty-five minutes. 
8° C. 
+ 240 
+ CO 
P 320 
+ 30 
+ 5 * 
20° C. 
-h QO 
+ 300 
+ f 0 
+ trace 
• • 
In all cases tlie maximal intensity of effect is reached in •01" from its commence¬ 
ment, but at a high temperature this maximum is reached in the first half of this 
time, viz., ’005"; at the low temperature it is reached in the second half of this time. 
The response is thus more suddenly developed at the higher temperature. This 
shortens the duration of the effect in the two cases, the decline of the effect not 
being so markedly affected as the rise is. 
In the following experiment the minimal is compared with a maximal response of 
same organ. Small Torpedo, 13 cm. X 9 cm. Organ led off in situ. Induction 
apparatus with 2 Groves in primary coil (coil without core). Eight side and left 
side used. Nerves excited in situ. 
Galvanometer closure:— 
•005"—015" 
■015"—025" 
•025 / '-035" 
’035"—045" 
•045"—055" 
Galv. m. 
Secondary coil 0 centims. . 
7 
5 ? ' 55 ' 
+ 370 
+ 60 
+ 120 
+ 20 
P 25 
0 
+ trace 
Left organ used. 4 Groves in primary circuit of coil. 
Secondary coil 15 centims. 
„ o „ 
15 „ 
+ 85 
p 00 
P 100 
+ 6 
+ 200 
P 13 
0 
+ 50 
P trace 
P trace 
The minimal differs from the larger response more in its duration than in the rate 
of its development. Expressed as a curve, it would represent the cut-off summit of 
the large response. There are sometimes considerable differences in this respect between 
the duration of the responses of the two organs of the same fish, and the larger 
response is always the longer one. Thus the left organ of a small Torpedo gave a 
total response of -f- 100 G. yq. Its character and duration are expressed by the 
following readings :— 
O o 
