42 
hiiyxcota. 
size, and lose their anal setm, as well as tlieir former 
activity. In this state they remain throughout the 
winter, without any diversity of appearance indicative 
of the sexes ; and it is not until the following April 
that this is first perceived by the further increased 
growth of the females, and by the males assuming the 
pupae state, which is quiescent, with the limbs arranged 
upon the breast, the fore-legs being directed forwards, 
a peculiarity not occurring in any other insects 
(Westwood, Yol. ii., p. 446). The males have one pair 
of wings, which are nearly destitute of nerves ; two 
long tail-filaments proceed from the posterior extremity 
like those of the genus Baetis in the Ephemeridcc; the 
mouth of the male Coccus is rudimentary, and in¬ 
capable of mischief. The British species of Coccidcc are 
numerous, the C. Aceris of the sycamore is one of the 
most common. 
The exotic Cocci have long been celebrated for the 
beautiful dyes they yield ; the Coccus cacti , which may 
sometimes be seen in English hothouses, produces 
cochineal. This insect is originally a native of Mexico, 
but it has become naturalized in other countries. Lac, 
or shell-lac, used for making varnish, sealing-wax, and 
paints, as the lake of the water-colour artist, is produced 
by an Indian species of Coccus. The small narrow 
seed-like scales common on the rind of oranges are the 
remains of another kind of Coccus. 
