146 
LEPIDOPTERA INDIG A. 
along close to tlie ground, beneath the shrubs and in the shelter of the fence, as if 
shade were more congenial than sunshine. Perhaps as there is a correspondence and 
a harmony in all the divine works, there may be a reference to these retiring habits 
in the dull tints common to the tribe and the want of those glowing colours so general 
among butterflies 5 (G-osse, Alab. 55, 56). Dr. Thwaites also (Moore, Lep. Ceylon, 
i. p. 13), speaking of the subtropical' Satyrinse, says that c their movements are more 
lively in the early morning and evening during their amatory gambols,’ and Mr. 
de isriceville remarks (Butt, of India, i. p. 104) that the hundred or more species of 
Mycalesis 6 seldom take flight unless disturbed, except toward evening. 5 
cc In certain features the Satyrinse show some curious resemblance to the 
Hesperidm. The eggs of the ribbed species closely resemble those of the Hesperidi 
in general appearance; the caterpillar at birth has a similarly large and striking 
head, and occasionally the terminal segments of the body are armed with much 
longer cuticular appendages than elsewhere, a common feature among the Pam- 
philidi; the mature caterpillar is sluggish in motion, with a somewhat flattened 
belly and short prolegs, giving a limaciform body, which is clothed with pile only; 
the chrysalis is unusually rounded and occasionally is not suspended, and the imago 
often has an oblique patch of raised hairs or scales on the upper surface of the 
forewings concealing the androconia, which remind one strongly of the similar 
stigma one often finds in the Famphilidi. That these peculiarities have some 
phyletic meaning it is impossible to doubt, but they should not be allowed to 
overshadow or in any way to conceal the great body of characteristics by which this 
group forms a part of the great and varied family Nymphalidse. 
Allusion has just been made to the androconia or male scales occurring 
sometimes in this subfamily ; with the exception of the Euploeinse and the 
Argynnidi this is the only group of Nymphalidse in which they are frequently 
present; and so far as known they possess here the uniform character of exceed¬ 
ingly attenuated scales with a tasselled tip. They by no means occur in all genera, 
and sometimes show no external sign of their presence; they are generally found 
upon the upper surface of the front wings, and often in the form of an oblique 
stigma. In some Asiatic species, according to Dr. Thwaites (Moore, Lep. of Ceylon, 
i. p. 13) they are found as ‘ a pair of curious pencils of hair which each lie within a 
fold of the upper wing, and which are capable of being spread out radiately during 
the insect/s flight. 5 I am not aware that any odour has been detected in any of 
them; I have been able to detect none in our two [N. American] species of CEneis. 
About half our [N. American] species possess no androconia. 55 (Scudder, 1. c. 
p. 115.) 
cc The Satyrix^] are connected on the one hand with Euploea through Zethera 
[Euploeamima], a very aberrant form; and on the other hand with Elymnia 
