100 
Karl Marx —History of LadaJch. 
[No. 2, 
to the Government. A son, Sa-skyong-nam-gyal, having been born, 
(the two), on account of disagreement of temper, separated, and the 
queen returned to the South. Subsequently he married another wife, 
and a son, P’un-t’sogs-nam-gyal, was born. The state-officials, council 
of elders, and the people, having entered a petition that Ta-shis-nam- 
gyal should be ordained and become a Lama, or else reside at Ting-gang- 
palace, the father, Nyi-ma-nam-gyal (himself), turned King of the Faith. 
The prince De-skyong-nam-gyal’s mother having died whilst he was yet 
an infant, Zi-zi-k’a-t’un took care of him; consequently, whatever his 
dear mother said, was all right and could not be refused. So by per¬ 
suasion the queen-mother (obtained it from him, that) Ta-shis-nam- 
gyal was appointed to rule from Po’-t’ok-sa over all Pu-rig. From 
Ngul-dog palace at Mul-bhe he built [the bridge ?] He married a 
daughter of the Stog-ka-lon, but had no children. Princess Ta-shis- 
wang-mo was taken by the king of Kistwar as his consort. Although 
(everyone) prayed not to give her away, because the language as well 
as the religion of the people of Hindustan were different, yet (the 
queen) said : a child’s rulers are father and mother, and would not 
listen, but gave her away. (Soon after, however,) the steward, Gha- 
p’el, amongst others of his servants, informed the father that she was not 
even allowed to see the light of day, upon which (the king) ordered 
him to bring the girl back by fair means or foul, and despatched an 
army. When the girl was being carried off, the king and queen of 
Kistwar, who were both very fond of her, said: “ Let us also go to 
Ladakh.” With the captain and a few attendants they got under weigh. 
But Zi-zi-k’a-t’un here (in Ladakh) gave secret orders to this effect : 
“ If the king of Kistwar should arrive here, and not be killed in some 
clever way (beforehand), then it might injure my son Ta-shis-nam- 
gyal’s rule (over Pu-rig).”—So without the knowledge of the authori¬ 
ties at Ladakh, a servant of the queen went (on his errand), and at a 
bridge on the frontier, between Kistwar and Paldar, the servant ap¬ 
proaching the king in the manner of one who has a petition, threw the 
king into the water. The fatal rumour soon spread all over the country. 
Although Ta-sliis-nam-gyal and the elder son Sa-skyang ought 
to have been made Lords of the Palace, the younger brother P’un- 
ts’ogs-nam gyal, through treachery of his mother, made him (Sa- 
skyang) Lama at Hemi. (XXY1I) P' > un-ts' > ogs-nam-gycd reigned; but his 
uncle Ta-sliis-nam-gyal tyrrannized the Kashmir traders and his Ladakh 
subjects. From this resulted a quarrel as to who really had the power. 
Now this state of things was reported to the Dalai Lama, viz., that a 
disturbance with the frontier king had arisen, and that this might be 
made an occasion for an Indian army to ‘ break out.’ At that inden- 
