1894] 
Karl Marx —History of Ladakh. 
101 
tical time, just when he was in contemplation as to whom amongst the 
Kar-gyud-pa Lamas he should give the order to act as peace-maker, 
it happened that the great Ka-tog 1 Rig-dzin 2 Tae-wang-nor-bu 
arrived from Kami on his way (to Nepal), where he intended to ex¬ 
change the Wood of Life on the great Chorten of Nepal. The Gyalwa- 
Omniscient sent word to the Great Rig-dzin: “You should undertake 
to go and make peace in Ladakh”. He, magnifying openly the word of 
the Gyalwa, promised to go to Ladakh. He arrived at Gar. There, 
following the suggestion of kiug Ta-shis-nam-gyal and his ministers, 
the Lord Chamberlain and the Lonpas from Zangskar and Dang- 
skar attended. They had been sent to meet the Saviour, the Great 
Rig-dzin. They explained to him the condition of Upper and Lower 
Ladakh. Thereupon he arrived with messengers of the two Gar-spon 
at Wamle Lamasery. There he and the king and ministers of Ladakh 
met. In time also the king and ministers of Purig arrived, and the 
proceedings began. They all agreed to the decisions and obligations 
imposed upon them by the Saviour, the Great Rig-dzin. The results 
arrived at through these deliberations were : “ Whatever the number of 
sons born at Ladakh-Kar may be, the eldest only shall reign. The 
younger ones shall become Lamas at Spe-t’ub, Tis-tse, etc, but there 
shall be no two kings. The king of Zangs-kar, being (?) at the fron¬ 
tier against Hindustan, shall remain king as before. The He-na-ku 
(rulers), obviously being of royal descent, and their kingdom of little 
importance, shall also remain as before. With these two exceptions it 
shall not be permitted that in one kingdom exist two kings.” In ac¬ 
cordance with these decisions the son (XXVIII) Ts’e wang-nam-gyal was 
elected king. P’un-ts‘ogs-nam-gyal, mother and son equally divided 
the property in Le-k’ar and appropriated it. They afterwards resided 
at Ser-t‘i-k’ar (Bang-k’a). Sa-skyang entered at Hemi the order of the 
Rig-pa-dzin-pa and the queen Kun-zoru bore (him ?) a son Skyab-gon- 
gyal-skas-mi-p’am-t’se-wang-t’in-los. Clerical authority increased. An¬ 
other son was born, and became very clever in medicine ; he went to 
Lhasa. There (also) was a daughter. She was taken to Tibet as a 
wife of a Hor-k’ang-sar 3 . The king Ta-shis-nam-gyal, as long as he 
lived, remained ruler of Purig. Afterwards it was united with Ladakh. 
By this settlement and agreement all the noblemen and the council 
of elders 4 and merchants first, but the whole empire as well, were ren- 
1 District in Tibet. 
2 Name of the order of married Lamas. 
3 Name of an important family at Lha-sa. 
4 The lowest grade of councillors to the king in Ladakh polity. The ‘ Council 
of Elders ’ consisted of about 3 or 4 persons of some standing and experience, 
