1894] 
Karl Marx —History of Ladakh. 
103 
third went and stayed as ? F. Afterwards, when the king Ts’e-wang- 
(stan) nam-gyal was grown np, his personal appearance was like that 
of a Llia. He was diligent and obtained proficiency in Tibetan 
grammar and mathematics, Persian letters and speech, Ka^mir speech, 
and other such languages. 1 In memory of his father he built the 
Kyin-mani-ring-mo 2 3 with Chortens at either end of the great Nam-gyal 
and the Jang-ch’ub types. He also knew well how to govern. But 
in a neighbouring district some “ defect ” became apparent, and in con¬ 
sequence of want of merit in the people an epidemic of small-pox 
broke out, and he died in his 24th year at Kar-zu. 8 Then the Dug-pa 
Omniscient Kun-zigs-ch’os-kyi-riang-wa 4 5 , being present at Hemi Lama¬ 
sery, performed the funeral rites in grand style. 
Thereupon (XXX) Ts l e-]pal-mi-gyur-don-dub-nam-gyal of Hemi was 
induced to turn layman, and was invested with royal power, and admi¬ 
nistered his kingdom, after having in common with the former as wife the 
Pal-kyum lady. During Ts’e-stan-nam-gyal’s lifetime one daughter was 
born. With this king a daughter Bhil-ch’ung, and a prince Ts’e-wang- 
rab-stan-nam-gyal were born. Through the activity of the Kalon 
T’se-wang-don-dub provinces and frontiers, everybody living in afflu¬ 
ence, and works that were all and one on the side of virtue, enjoyed 
peace and happiness. Then, at one time, some deleterious influence 
took possession of the king’s mind. All the servants in his presence 
were upstarts, and with them he took counsel. In the country many 
fields and houses ‘ went wrong.’ In judgment also he regarded (the 
face of) riches and of men. The private servants in the palace also 
had to promise daily not to sleep at night. The king also did not sleep 
at night. He rose when the sun grew hot. In the morning when 
washing his hands, he required 413 buckets 6 v r ?) full of cold and hot 
1 Manuscript C adds : he was devout and knew well the duties of kings. 
Before the enemy he was fearless. His solicitude for the welfare of his people was 
(exceedingly) great. Between himself and another he saw no difference. As 
there, thus far, had been no principle regulating taxes and revenue, he (made a 
rule) that henceforth taxes should be raised only (in accordance with the income), 
measure for measure. 
2 Opposite Leh. At its foot is the Muhammadan grave-yard. 
3 Now the British Joint Commissioner’s compound (at Leh). 
4 According to manuscript C king Ts’e-stan-nam-gyal in his lifetime had made 
him, when he came to Hemis, a present of 50 ponies, 50 yak-bulls and cows, 1,000 
goats and sheep, 25 ingots of silver, 3,000 Nanak-Shahl Rupees, 100 Zhos of gold 
one string of coral-beads, 15 pieces of brocade, 1 piece of red broadcloth, 1 piece 
of yellow (broadcloth), 25 pieces of calico, 25 pieces of silk taffeta (handker¬ 
chiefs ?), etc. 
5 According to manuscript C 12 or 13 basins, 
J. i. 14 
