1894.] V. A. Smith — History and Coinage of the Gupta Period . 171 
seems to vary in different specimens. The highest weight noted is 
347 grains. Diameter varies considerably. The elephants are often 
so debased as to be unrecognizable. 
j References and Remarks , 
B. M- — (Observations, PI. Ill, 11). The first of the two characters 
below the bull is certainly ^ sa, and the second seems to be m ka. 
0. — The first of the two characters below the bull is ^ sa. From 
Gaya. 
A. C.— ( Coins of Med. India, p. 19, PI. II, 5). The characters below 
the bull are distinct, and read by Cunningham as jaya. The first 
character is certainly ja, and the second seems to be V ya. From 
Gaya. 
A. S. B —Six or seven specimens. On one the characters below 
the bull are plainly saja. Three of these coins are figured in Plate 
VI (figures 8, 9, 10). 
Hoey. —The gold in this coin seems to be less impure than that 
of the others. (Plate VI, 7). 
The name Qayaqka means “ marked with the hare,” which is an 
epithet of the moon. The name is, therefore, in meaning equivalent to 
Candra. I presume that the disk over the bull’s head on the coins is 
intended for the moon, rather than for the sun. 
The references to passages in Cunningham’s Archaeological Survey 
Reports concerning Qa^aqka, given in Observations, are not quite correct. 
They should be as follows :—I, 5, 10; III, 80, 138 ; VIII, 71, 72, 191- 
193 ; IX, 157 , XV, 102. 
The reference to Vol. VII, Plate VI, given both in Observations and 
in my General Index to the Reports for fku^arjka’s seal-matrix at Rohtas, 
is a blunder for which I am quite unable to account. The only reference 
to the seal-matrix, which I can find in the Reports, is a passing allusion 
to its existence in Vol. IX, p. 157. 
The inscription of this seal-matrix has been published by Dr. Fleet 
(Gupta Inscriptions, p. 283, PI. xliii, R). It consists merely of the 
words Qri Mahdsdmanta Qagdrjkadevasya, surmounted by the figure of 
the bull. There can be no doubt, that this record, and the gold coins, 
must be assigned to the king of Karna Suvarna, in Central Bengal, who 
reigned at the beginning of the seventh century, A.D. Dr. Fleet is of 
opinion, that the term “ Mahdsdmanta, lit., 1 a great chief of a district,’ 
is a technical official title, which seems to denote the same rank as 
Maharaja A 
The position of (Jafjagka’s kingdom of Karna-Suvarna has recently 
been discussed by several writers. 
