180 
Y. A. Smith— History and Coinage of the Gupta Period. [No. 4, 
and generally by other Nagarl letters on the left, near the king’s right 
foot, and in the middle between the king’s feet. 
Obverse . King standing, as in the earlier coins, with his right 
hand extended over a small altar, and holding in his left hand either 
a spear or a trident. 
Marginal legend in modified Greek characters, Saonano Sao Kanesko 
(or Bazodeo) Kosano , ‘ The Kusan King of Kings, Kanesko (or Bazodeo.)’ 
Reverse. Either the throne-seated goddess Ardokhso (Laksmi), 
with her name, or the god Okso (Qiva), standing in front of the 
ball, with his name. The reverse name legend is always in modified 
Greek characters. Monogram. Nagari letters occasionally occur on the 
reverse. 
TV hen the reverse has the Okso device the king carries the Qaiva 
trident. When the reverse device is Ardokhso, the king carries a 
spear. The Laksmi coins are those of the eastern provinces, and are 
found chiefly in North-Western India. The Qiva coins are found chiefly 
in the Western Panjab and the Kabul valley. 
The interpretation of the brief Nagarl legends on this class of 
coins is quite uncertain. Cunningham has classified the known forms, 
but concerning their interpretation can only say that “ On these gold 
coins I think it probable that we have the names in monogram of some 
of the first successors of the great Kushan princes, Kanishka, Huvishka, 
and Vasudeva. On some coins the names may perhaps be those of 
the satraps or governors of particular provinces. In this case I 
should expect to find the name of the province, or city of the satrap, 
in addition to his name.” 1 
These legends include sixteen monosyllables, namely, Bha, Bhr, 
Cu, Chu , Ga , Ha, Khu, Kya, Pa, Pu, Bu, Sa, Si, Thd, Vai, and Vi ; and 
three dissyllables, namely Mahi, Vasu, and Viru, in the Ardokhso reverse 
class ; and seven monosyllables, namely Aum, Ga, Gho, Ha, Hu, Phri, 
Pri, and Thd; and two dissyllables, Rada , and Raju in the Okso 
class. 
Dr. Hoey possesses a specimen in good condition similar to 
Cunningham’s Plate viii, 8. The reverse device is Ardokhso, and the 
obverse legends in field are Vasu outside spear, Ga between king’s legs, 
and Bha at his right foot. 
Another coin in the same cabinet (Plate YI, fig. 12), though not 
represented in Cunningham’s lists, would seem to belong to Class A of 
the coinage of the Later Great Kusans. 
Obverse. —Over king’s left shoulder a wheel or disk, which may 
perhaps, be the top of a standard. Marginal legend in Greek characters, 
1 Num. Chron . for 1893, p. 119. 
