185 
1894.] Y. A. Smith — History and Coinage of the Gupta Period . 
is a Vasu coin of the Later Great Kusans, Class A, Ardokhso or Laksmi 
device. No. 11 a, a Malii coin, is to some extent intermediate in charac¬ 
ter between Class A and Class B. Cunningham ( Num . Chron. for 1893, 
p. 121) classes it in A. 
The remaining coins, Nos. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 11, belong to 
Class B of the Later Great Kusans, if the Kirada Kasana coins (No. 8) 
may be so classed. 1 (See ante, p. 181). 
The later Indo-Scythian coins are further discussed from an 
historical point of view by Thomas in his short paper, entitled Extracts 
from Chinese Authors concerning the History of the Kushans, in the Indian 
Antiquary , Yol. XY, p. 19, which is based on M. Edouard Specht’s 
treatise, entitled ’Etudes sur VAsie CentraJe, d'apres les Historiens Chinois, 
in the Journal Asiatique for 1883. Further references to the Ariana 
Antiqua and other books will be found in the papers cited above. 
The heading Goins, Indo-Scythian (later), in my General Index to 
the Archaeological Reports , is unfortunate,though not altogether erroneous. 
It is used there to distinguish the Indo-Scythian coins proper, from 
the coins described by Cunningham in pages 58-60 of Yolurne II of 
the Reports, which include the coins of Azes, Yonones, Gondophares, 
and others. These princes may be called “ Early Indo-Scythians,” and so 
distinguished from the Kadphises kings, and the line of Kaniska, who 
may be called “ Later Indo-Scythians.” This is the sense in which the 
term “ Later Indo-Scythians ” is used in my Index. The references under 
this heading mostly, if not all, refer to coins of Wema Kadphises, 
Kaniska, etc., and not to the coins now under discussion. 
The term Indo-Scythian has become an encumbrance and a 
hindrance to exact knowledge. It is a pity that Sir Alexander Cun¬ 
ningham has given the sanction of his great name to the continued use 
of such a misleading and confusing term. 
PART Y.— The Indian Coinage of the Ephthalites or White 
Huns, and the Gupta Silver Coins. 
Section I .— The White Huns. 
The important part played by the White Huns in the history of 
Northern India during the fifth and sixth centuries of the Christian 
era hns only lately been recognized by historical students. This Central 
Asian tribe, which first appeared in the countries on the Oxus in the 
beginning of the fifth century r , is known by a most inconvenient variety 
*1 The paper treats of 14 coins in all. One is a coin of Nara Baladitya, and 
another is a coin of Vi?ha Candraditya. 
