188 V. A. Smith —History and Coinage of the Gupta Period. [No. 4, 
certainly known in gold, though it is probable that many of the rude 
imitations of the Gupta gold Archer coins are of White Hun origin. 
The main characteristic of the White Hun coinage is its want of 
originality. The White Huns were a rude and unlettered people, 1 2 * * S * and 
they were generally content to imitate as well as they could the coins 
of the various countries which they over-ran. The result is that the 
Hun coinage occurs in widely varying forms, Persian, Parthian, Indian 
and Indo-Roman. 8 
Section II. —Toramana, Silver Coins. 
In one passage Cunningham divides the silver coins of Toramana 
into two classes as follows : — 
I. —Broad thin pieces of Sassanian type. 
Ohv. King’s head, with a club in front of the face. Legend in 
Gupta characters, Sahi Jabubla or Jabula, 
Pev. Traces of fire-altar and its attendants. 
II. Small hemidrachms, exactly like those of the Pan tail Peacock 
type of Kumara Gupta I, Skanda Gupta, Budlia Gupta, Bliima Sena, and 
I^ana Yarman, except that Toramana’s head is turned to the left. 
But this division of Toramana’s silver coins is not exhaustive. In 
a later page Cunningham gives details which show that three main 
types of Toramana’s silver coinage are known. These are—* 
i. Horseman, 
ii. Sassanian Bust, 
iii. Fantail Peacock hemidrachms. 
I proceed to describe each class. 
I —Horseman Type. 
Horseman to right. Discus and shell of Visnu, or (?) vase, 
in field. Ephthalite symbol behind horseman. Marginal 
legend in Gupta characters Sahi Jabula on one specimen, 
and apparently Sahi Janabula on the other. 
The usual fire-altar and supporters, rudely executed. Diam. 
•90 and '80. Wt. 53 and 50'5. 8 
1 So Cunningham: “the illiterate White Huns” (Trans., p.234). Gibbon, 
Whom he cites, gave them the epithet of “ polite” (Oh. 42) ; but their rudeness is 
vouched for by Sung-yun, who visited them both in Central Asia and Gandhara. 
2 The silver coins follow Persian and Parthian models ; the copper pieces are 
mainly Indian; and the gold (if any gold coins are Hun issues) copy the Gupta 
coinage, which may be concisely characterized as Indo-Roman. 
S Cunningham’s coins, each of which he believed to be unique, are figured in 
Num. Ohron. for 1894, Pi, ix (vii), fig. 8, 9. 
Ohv. 
hev. 
