70 A. F. Rudolf Hoernle— Essays on the Gaurian Languages. [No. 1, 
by tlie affix tlie Gujarati infinitive, which ends in (as to do , 
arpf to go) cannot be explained. Even if we should set aside the difficulty 
of deriving the termination ^ etc., from the Prakrit and should 
admit that, e. g., Marathi Hindi etc., are derivable from the 
Prakrit still there remains the Gujarati which, it is manifest, 
can in no wise be connected with the Prakrit On the other hand, on 
the theory that the Gaurian infinitives are identical with the (Skr. or) 
Prakrit part. fut. pass, the Gujarati infinitives find a very easy explanation. 
The Gujarati to do or to go, etc., are evidently identical with the 
Marathi ^srpGor aTPffi i. e. the Gujarati infinitives are identical with the 
Marathi gerund in ^friG But the Marathi gerunds in are, as regards 
the sense, identical with the Marathi forms in x?G(e. g. efrCr^Gis identical 
with ). It. follows that the Marathi forms in and their equivalents 
in all the Gaurian languages must also be gerunds, i. e., derived from the 
Sanskrit, and Prakrit part. fut. pass, (or gerund, which is only a particular 
use of the former), formed by the affix On this theory everything 
falls easily and naturally into its place. Both Sanskrit participles fut. pass., 
—those formed by the affix as well as those formed by the affix 
W3T—passed through the Prakrit into Gaurian, # In the latter they were 
among other uses put to the use of expressing the idea of the infinitive or 
gerund. But gradually one or the other of those alternative forms 
gained the ascendancy, and it so happened, that in all Gaurian languages, 
with the exception of Gujarati, that participle future passive which was 
formed by the affix dispossessed the other formed by the affix rf^T. 
On the contrary in Gujarati the part. fut. pass, in dispossessed the 
other in Still the principle of forming the infinitive is in all 
Gaurian languages identical. If this be the case, one may naturally expect that 
all or some Gaurian languages will retain traces of an original twofold form 
of the infinitive, derived from the twofold form of the Sanskrit and Prakrit 
part. fut. pass. Such traces actually exist, as I shall show, in the principal 
Gaurian languages. That both forms still exist and are commonly used in 
Marathi has been already mentioned ; e. g., it is necessary for us to go 
abroad is in Marathi both %"and ^JTXIT ; again 
incitement to act is either ~€\ or vff fixx (see Manual §. III. 
note.). As regards Hindi, while the modern High Hindi possesses only the 
forms in «tt (—♦rf), the old and low Hindi dialects possess both forms. 
In the Braj Bhasha the infinitive may end both in and Gf, e. g.,Rajaniti 
p. G9, 5TT*ref % i. e., high Hindi 
* I may take this opportunity of stating that, whenever this phrase of Sansk. 
forms 'passing through Prakrit into Gaurian, is employed, it is not meant to express a 
historic fact —for Prakrit is not a derivation of (what is commonly called) Sanskrit— 
but a phonetic fact. 
