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nourishment. The method practised by some of the most skilful kitchen- 
gardeners in the culture of Spinach, would be a great improvement to this 
plant, for some of them have improved the round-leaved Spinach so much 
by culture, as to have the leaves more than six times the size they were 
formerly; and their fatness has been in the same proportion, upon the same 
land, which has been effected by thinning the plants when young, and keep¬ 
ing the ground constantly clean from weeds. But to return to the culture 
of Woad, 
After having made choice of a proper spot of land, which should not be 
too light and sandy, nor over stiff and moist, but rather a gentle hazel loam, 
whose parts will easily separate: the next is to plough this up just before 
winter, laying it in narrow high ridges, that the frost may penetrate through 
the ridges, to mellow and soften the clods; then in the spring plough it 
again crossways, laying it again in narrow ridges; after it has lain some 
time in this manner, and the weeds begin to grow, it should be well har¬ 
rowed to destroy them ; this should be twice repeated while the weeds are 
young, and if there are any roots of large perennial weeds, they must be 
harrowed out, and carried off the ground. In June the ground should be a 
third time ploughed, when the furrows should be narrow, and the ground 
stirred as deep as the plough will go, that the parts may be as well separated 
as possible; and when the weeds appear again, the ground should be well 
harrowed to destroy them. Towards the end of July, or the beginning of 
August, it should be ploughed the last time, when the land should be laid 
smooth, and when there is a prospect of showers, the ground must be har¬ 
rowed to receive the seeds, which should be sown either in rows with the 
drill plough, or in broad-cast, after the common method; but it will be 
proper to steep the seeds one night in water before they are sown, which 
will prepare them for vegetation: if the seeds are sown in drills with a 
plough, they will be covered by an instrument fixed to the plough for that 
pin pose; but loose which are sown broad-cast in the common way, must be 
well harrowed in. If the seeds are good, and the season favourable, the 
plants will appear in a fortnight, and in a month or five weeks after will be 
fit to hoe; the sooner this is performed when the plants are distinguishable, 
the better they will thrive, and the weeds being then young, will be soon 
destroyed. The method of hoeing these plants is the same as for Turneps, 
wuh tms dm ere nee only, that these plants may not be thinned so much; for 
