494 
Species Narrow-leaved Walnut Tree. (Juglans Angustifoi.ia.) 
Native of North America. Introduced in 1766 by Messrs. Kennedy and Lee. 
CULTURE . 
The common Walnut is propagated in many parts of England for the fruit, and formerly the 
trees were propagated for their wood, which was in very great esteem, till the quantity of Maho¬ 
gany, and other useful woods which have been of late years imported into England, almost banished 
the use of Walnut. 
These trees are propagated by planting their nuts, which, as was before observed, seldom pro¬ 
duce the same sort of fruit as are sown; so that the only way to have the desired sort, is to sow the 
nuts of the best kinds; and if this is done in a nursery, the trees should be transplanted out when 
they have had three or four years growth, to the place where they are designed to remain; for these 
trees do not bear transplanting when they are of a large size, therefore there may be a good number 
of the trees planted, which need not be put more than six feet apart, which will be distance enough 
for them to grow till they produce fruit; when those whose fruit are of the desired kind may remain, 
and the others cut up, to allow them room to grow, by this method a sufficient number of the trees 
may be generally found among them to remain, which will thrive and flourish greatly when they 
have room; but as many people do not care to wait so long for the fruit, so the next best method 
is to make choice of some young trees in the nurseries, when they have their fruit upon them; but 
though these trees will grow and bear fruit, yet they will never be so large or so long lived, as those 
which are planted young. 
All the sorts of Walnuts which are propagated for timber, should be sown in the places where 
they are to remain; for the roots of these trees always incline downward, which being stopped or 
broken, prevent their aspiring upward, so that they afterwards divaricate into branches, and become 
low spreading trees; but such as are propagated for fruit are greatly mended by transplanting; for 
hereby they are rendered more fruitful, and their fruit are generally larger and fairer; it being a 
common observation, that downright roots greatly encourage the luxuriant growth of timber in all 
sorts of trees; but such trees as have their roots spreading near the surface of the ground, are always 
the most fruitful and best flavoured. 
The nuts should be preserved in their outer covers in dry sand until February, when they should 
be planted in lines, at the distance you intend them to remain; but in the rows they may be placed 
pretty close, for fear the nuts should miscarry; and the young trees, where they are too thick, may 
be removed, after they have grown two or three years, leaving the remainder at the distance they 
are to stand. 
In transplanting these trees, you should observe never to procure either their roots or large 
branches, both which are very injurious to them; nor should you be too busy in lopping or prun¬ 
ing the branches of these trees when grown to a large size, for it often causes them to decay: but 
when there is a necessity for cutting any of their branches off, it should be done early in Septem¬ 
ber (for at that season the trees are not so subject to bleed) that the wound may heal over before 
the cold increases; the branches- should always be cut off quite close to the trunk, otherwise the 
stump which is left will decay, and rot the body of the tree. 
The best season for transplanting these trees is as soon as the leaves begin to decay, at which 
time, if they are carefully taken up, and their branches preserved entire, there will be little danger 
of their succeeding although they are eight or ten years old, as I have several times experienced ; 
