539 
tor want of duly observing this caution that Cherry-trees are often so unfruitful, especially the 
Morel!o, which shoots the weaker, the more it is cut. 
Some persons graft the Duke and other sorts of Cherries upon the Morello, which is but a weak 
shooter, m order to check the luxuriant growth of their trees, which will succeed for three or four 
years; but they are not of long duration, nor will they make shoots above six or eight inches long; 
being closely covered with blossoms, they may produce some fruit in a small compass; but such 
experiments are unfit for general use, and proper only to satisfy curiosity; and it is much better to 
allow the trees a greater share of room against the walls, when one tree so planted, and properly 
managed, will produce more fruit than twenty of these trees, or twice that number, when they are 
planted too close, though they are grafted upon the Black Cherry, or any other free stock. 
The double-flowering Cherry is propagated by budding or grafting on the Black or Wild Cherry 
stock; and the trees are very proper to intermix with flowering trees of the second fgrowth. The 
flowers are as large and double as a Cinnamon Rose, and being produced in large bunches on every 
pait of the tiee, rendei it one of the most beautiful trees of the spring. Some of the flowers, which 
are less double, often produce fruit, which the very double flowers do not. 
The Black Cherry is seldom grafted or budded, but is generally sown for stocks; where per¬ 
sons however are cuiious to have the best flavoured of this sort of fruit, they should be grafted from 
such tiees as produce the best. They are always trained as standards, the Coroun for the orchard, 
and the small wild black and red for plantations in parks, &c. 
Plums. All the varieties are propagated by budding or grafting upon stocks of the Muscle* 
white Peai, St. Julian, Bonum Magnum, or any of the free-shooting Plums. The manner of raising 
these stocks is well known. Budding is much preferable to grafting for Plum-trees, because they 
are very apt to gum, wherever large wounds are made on them. 
The trees should not be more than one year’s growth from the bud when they are transplanted, 
for if they are older they are very subject to canker; or if they take well to the ground, commonly 
produce only two or three luxuriant branches. 
Plums should have a middling soil, neither too wet and heavy, nor over light and dry, in either 
of which extremes they seldom do so well; and those sorts which are planted against walls, should 
have an east or south-east aspect, which is more kindly to these fruits than a full south aspect, on 
which they are subject to shrivel, and be very dry; and many sorts will be extremely mealy, if 
exposed too much to the heat of the sun; but most sorts will ripen extremely well on espaliers, if 
rightly managed. 
There are some persons who plant Plums for standards, in which method some of the ordinary 
sorts will bear very well; but then the fruit will not be near so fair as those produced on espaliers, 
and will be more in danger of being bruised or blown down by strong winds. The distance 
of placing them for espaliers must be the same as against walls, as must also their pruning and 
management; so that whatever may be hereafter mentioned for one, should be likewise understood 
for both. 
Plums do not only produce their fruit upon the last year’s wood, but also upon cursons or spurs, 
which come out of wood that is many years old; so that there is not a necessity of shortening the 
branches, in order to obtain new shoots annually, in every part of the tree (as in Peaches, Necta¬ 
rines, &c. hath been directed) since the more these trees are pruned, the more luxuriant they grow, 
until the strength of them is exhausted, and then they gum and spoil; therefore the safest method to 
manage these trees is, to lay in their shoots horizontally, as they are produced, at equal distances, 
in proportion to the length of their leaves; and where there is not a sufficient quantity of branches 
to fill up the vacancies of the tree, there the shoots may be pinched the beginning of May (in the 
