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account of the calculary or stony congeries. In the Apple they are placed very regularly, one at 
the point of each cell of the capsule, and one in the middle between the other five. They are very 
apparent on a transverse section of the fruit. The cells are differently shaped in the two fruits: in 
the Apple they are narrow and pointed at both ends; in the Pear they are obovate, broad exte¬ 
riorly, and drawing to a point at the end next the centre of the fruit. The Pear, however it may 
vary in shape, size, colour, taste, &c. by cultivation, is generally convex and lengthened out at the 
base: whereas in the Apple it is always concave there. Besides this, the leaves of the Apple are 
commonly wider in proportion to their length, of a yellower green above, and whitish underneath; 
whereas in the Pear, they are dark green above, and quite smooth on both sides: (heir vascular 
system is very different, being loose in the Apple, and very close in the Pear; hence the leaves of the 
latter are much stouter, and more permanent. Lastly the growth of these trees is quite different; 
the Pear being lofty and upright, the Apple low and spreading. 
Mr. Miller gives the following account of the varieties of Apples. 
I shall first mention a few of those sorts of Apples which have been introduced from France, 
(Duham. 1. 32?. 1.1—14.) which were most of them grafted on Paradise stocks, and were for some 
time much esteemed, and shall mention those of our own growth afterwards. 
1 . Pomme de Rambour , (Duham. 1 . 10.) The Rambour is a very large fruit, of a fine red next 
the sun, and striped with a pale or yellowish green. This ripens very early, commonly about the 
end of August, and soon grows mealy, therefore is not esteemed in England. 
2. Pomme de Courpendu, (Duham. t. 6.) the hanging body. This is a very large Apple, of an 
oblong figure, having some irregular risings or angles, which run from the base to the crown; it is of 
a red cast on the side towards the sun, but pale on the other side; the foot-stalk is long and slender, 
so that the fruit is always hanging downward, which occasioned the French gardeners to give it this 
name. 
3. The Rennet te-blanche, or White Rennette , or French Rennette , (Duham. n. 17.) This is a large 
fine fruit, of a roundish figure, and of a pale green, changing a little yellowish when ripe, having 
some small grey spots; the juice is sugary, and it is good for eating or baking; it will keep till after 
Christmas sound. 
4. The Renette-grise, (Duham. t. 9-) This is a middle-sized fruit, shaped like the Golden Ren¬ 
nette, but is of a deep grey colour on the side next the sun, but on the other side intermixed with 
yellow; it is a very juicy good Apple, of a quick flavour. It ripens in October, and will not keep 
long. 
5. Pomme d’Api, (Duham. 1.11.) This is a small hard fruit, of a bright purple colour on the side 
next the sun, and of a yellowish green on the other side; it is a very firm fruit, but has not much 
flavour, so it is only preserved by some persons by way of curiosity. It keeps a long lime sound, 
and makes a variety in a dish of fruit. 
6‘. Le Calville d’Automne , the Autumn Calville. This is a large fruit of an oblong figure, of a 
fine red colour towards the sun. The juice is vinous, and much esteemed by the French. 
7. Fenouillat on Pomme d’Anis , (Duham. t. 5.) the Fennel, or Anise Apple. This is a middle- 
sized fruit, a little longer than a Golden Pippin, of a greyish colour. The pulp is tender, and has a 
spicy taste like Anise-seed; the wood and leaves are whitish. 
8. Pomme Violette , (Duham. n. 7.) the Violet Apple. This is a pretty large fruit, of a pale 
green, striped with deep red to the sun. The juice is sugary, and has a flavour of Violets, which 
occasioned the name. 
There are not above two or three of these which are much esteemed in England, viz. the French 
Rennette, the Rennette-grise, and the Violet Apple; the others being early fruit, which do not keep 
