559 
some trees in Herefordshire have lived a thousand years. This report is transcribed from Haller, 
without acknowledgment, as is usual with Mr. Lightfoot. Haller quotes Hereford Orchards , a book 
01 pamphlet, which I do not recollect having seen. But no one, I presume, will be disposed to 
admit such a report, unless we could have better evidence than mere tradition. 
According to Stow, Carps and Pippins were brought into England by Mascall. It was the plain 
industry, says Mr. Evelyn,* of one (Richard) Harris, a fruiterer to King Henry the Eighth, that the 
fields and environs of about thirty towns in Kent only, were planted with fruit, (from Flanders) to 
the universal benefit, and general improvement of that county to this day; as by the noble example 
of my Lord Scudamore, and of some other publick-spirifeed gentlemen in those parts, all Hereford¬ 
shire is become, in a manner, but one intire orchard. 
Lord Scudamore was ambassador to the court of France in the time of King Charles the First; 
and having collected in Normandy scions of Cyder-Apple trees, when lie returned to England, 
encouraged the grafting them throughout the coun ty of Hereford.^ 
But these and others were partial introductions. There can be no doubt but that the Apple has 
been cultivated in England time immemorial for deserts, for the kitchen, and for cyder. 
It is probable that the sorts originally imported have long ago been lost, and though we have 
still some Apples by the same name with those in Parkinson, (1629) yet it is by no means certain 
that they are the same fruit; and many of the numerous varieties we are at present possessed of, 
were raised from seed in this country .J 
Mr. Knight observes,§ that the existence of every variety of Apple appears to be confined to a 
certain period; that no one of them now cultivated seems to be more than two hundred years old; 
and that all efforts which have been hitherto made to propagate healthy trees of those varieties which 
have been long in cultivation, have been entirely unsuccessful: but of this more under the head of 
Propagation and Culture. 
Species 5. Chinese Apple Tree . (Pyrus Spectabilis.) 
The Chinese Apple tree, when it blossoms in perfection, answers truly to the name of spectabilis; 
a more showy tree can scarcely be introduced to decorate the ornamental plantation. It blossoms 
about the end of April or beginning of May. The flowers are large, of a pale red when open, and 
semi-double; the buds are of a much deeper hue. The fruit is of little account, and but sparingly 
produced. Trees of this species are to be met with in some gardens twenty or thirty feet high.|| 
'Cultivated in 1780, by John Fothergill, M. D.^f 
Species 6. Siberian Crab Tree. (Pyrus Prunifolia.) 
This has a strong woody stem, sending out many side branches, and covered with a smooth brown 
bark. The leaves are shaped like those of the Cherry-tree: they are of a deep green on their upper 
side, but paler on their under, slightly serrate, and on long footstalks. The flowers come out in 
bunches from the side of the branches on long slender peduncles; the petals are white, and shaped 
like those of the Pear-tree: they appear in April, and are succeeded by roundish fruit, about the 
* Pomona, Pref. -f Gibson's View of the Churches of Lore and Home-Lacy. 
+ Marsh. Gloc. 2. 248. § Treatise on the Culture of the Apple and Pear, 1797, p. 7, 9. 
|| Curtis. Hort. Kew. 
