i886.] Sarat Cliandra Das— Jjaddhist and other legends about Khoten. 201 
younger brother with the help of his ministers and subjects killed the 
Bathdi usurpers and forced all the Buddhists to leave Maha Gandhara. 
They proceeded towards the country of' Ke-u-sha where they found 
shelter. “ The religion (Buddhism) had now long been established in 
Nepal and Independent Tartary, as the travels of the patriarchs indicate. 
It had also extended itself throughout India and Ceylonj and the 
persecution of the Brahmans instigated partly by controversal feeling 
and more by a desire to increase their caste influence had not yet com¬ 
menced. Long before this, it is stated that in B. C. 217, Indians 
had arrived at the capital of China in Shen-si in order to propagate 
their religioni Bemusat, after mentioning this in the Foe-koue-ki, adds 
that, towards the year B. C. 122 a warlike expedition of the Chinese 
led them to Hieow-thou a country beyond Yarkand. Here a golden 
statue was taken and brought to the emperor. The Chinese author 
states that this was the origin of the statues of Buddha that were after¬ 
wards in use ” “ Edkin,” Chinese Buddhism, p. 88. 
“ Kumarajiva, was brought to China from K’u-tsi a kingdom in Tibet, 
east of the Ts’ung-ling mountains. The king of Ts’in had sent an army 
to invade that country, with directions not to return without the Indian 
whose fame had spread among all the neighbouring nations. The former 
translations of the Buddhist sacred books were to a great extent 
erroneous. To produce them in a form more accuratOj and complete 
was the task undertaken by the learned Buddhist just mentioned, 
(Kumarajiva), at the desire of the king. More than 800 priests were 
called to assist, and the king, himself, an ardent disciple of the new 
faith was present at the conference, holding the old copies in his hand as 
the work of correction proceeded. More than 300 volumes were thus 
prepared,” 1. c. p. 90. 
Extract from D sampling Gyeshe” by Tsanpo Noman Khan of 
Amdo. 
The country called Thokar by the Tibetans and vulgarly Malaya 
Phokhar or Little Phokhar is identified by some with Li-yul. The de¬ 
scription given in history of Chaudan Choui the famous image of 
Buddha in China and the accounts given in the travels of Thangssin 
tally with some accounts mentioned in the Kalachakra that Li-yul was 
situated somewhere in the north of Tibet. Many Tibetan authors in 
their description of Li-yul have confounded its position. Some say 
Li-yul is in Mongolia, some say Li-yul is a province of Tibet; according 
to others Li is Pal-yul, (Nepal). 
This country of Li is divided into eight parts of which Kasikara 
is the chief. The fort of Yamkasar &c., is included in it. There arc 
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