46 
[No. 1, 
K. B. Shaw —Stray Arians in Tibet. 
mind of the speaker between it and the real Passive, as there is for 
instance in Hindustani between us-ne aurat mari, and aurat mart gad. 
The sense is active though the form is passive. In the one case the agent 
is known and generally mentioned in the Instrumentative case ; in the 
other the agent is no’t known or mentioned. 
Dah-Hanu Love Song. 
Mi miishii Slcishur qaniya Jcdslcye slcyet-to 
I young-man (pro. name mountain below if-I-look 
of place) 
Bos payiil zi-chun ; toto hunshye slcyet-to 
Father’s home see makes; and above if-I-look 
JVumes payiil zi-chun. Zu-lo Qoda nasib tuni te. 
(name of woman) home see-makes. Pray God fate joined make, 
in genitive 
“ If I look below, from the Skishur mountain, 
“ My father’s home is seen (makes itself seen)’; 
And if I look above, 
“ Niime’s home is seen. Grant, 0 God, that 
our destinies may be united !” 
Analysis : SJcyet-to is the Conditional, answering to Jcutet-to. Bayul 
would seem to be compounded of the Tibetan word yul “ village” and a 
prefix pa. Zi-chun is composed of the verb “ to see”, plus the 3rd pers. 
sing, of the aorist of the verb “ to do”, answering to the typical form 
Jcutyun. Zu-lo is the Brokpa form of the common Tibetan salutation ju 
or ju-le , which is like the Hind. ji. Qoda (Khuda) and nasib are words 
borrowed from their Musalman neighbours, apparently in the absence of 
any words of the same meaning in their own dialect. Te is the Im¬ 
perative. 
eze .. 
eze-sa 
II. Dras Dialect. 
The Substantive. 
Singular. 
N. esh or ez .a ewe 
esh-sa (before transitive 
verbs, not in Past Tense) 
G. ezo .of a ewe 
D. & Loc. ezu-re .to, or at a ewe 
Acc. ezu .. .a ewe 
Abl. ezu-zo .from a ewe 
ezu-sei nala .with a ewe 
Instr. ezu (before Trans. 7 
Verbs in Past tense) i a ewe 
ezo . 
ezo-re . 
ezo . 
ezo-zo 
ezo-sei nala 
ezo-za . 
Plural. 
. | ewes 
.of ewes 
.to, or at ewes 
..ewes 
—.from ewes 
..with ewes 
.by ewes 
