108 H. G. Ravevty —Tibbat three hundred and sixty-five years ago. [No. 2, 
only eight days’ journey remained. As, however, the horses of the men 
still remaining with me were falling, it became absolutely necessary to 
return. There was no help for it: and after setting out on our return, 
in six days we rejoined those we had left at Yam, 1 and from thence 
continued our retreat. This took place on the 8th of RabTu-l-akbir 
(fourth month : November) ; and at the end of Jamadlu-l-akhir, we 
reached Tam-Lik, distant from Mar-yol twenty days’ journey, and again 
joined the men with the booty and plunder which had been previously 
sent back. At Tam-Lik, which is one of the great territories of Tibbat, 
the people of Kokah, having come, said that they agreed to pay the 
jaziah [a capitation tax on infidels, or non-Musalmans], and invited me 
to come thither and fix the same, such as their means would admit of. 
In consequence of this request, I proceeded towards Kokah, and be¬ 
tween it and Tam-Lik passed one night on the road [took him two days 
to go], and reached it. The people received me in the most hospitable 
manner; and I remained there three days, and fixed the jaziah on that 
might possibly be meant for Kong-tsang-fu of the Chinese, and U-halik. The others 
are written in the original, ^ or an< ^ There are 
twenty-four lesser cities, besides towns and villages without number, and most of 
the inhabitants are Musalmans. 
/ 
The authors of the Tarikli-i- Alfi, in another place, quoting from some older 
works, state, that “ Tingqut is described as a mountainous country (also) called 
Ankasae. The Mughals called the country, which contained cities, fortresses, and 
many buildings, Aqashin or Qashin,” the chief city, apparently, giving name to the 
country also. See also note 1 , page 88. 
Tingqut seems to be the Hya or Ning-hya of the Chinese, the capital of which 
is called Iriqi or Irqi in the Tingqut language, and Iriqia or Irqia by the Mu gh als. 
There is still a “ Ning-hya-wei ” close to the Great Wall. 
Sum-pa Khan-po, the Larnah, quoted elsewhere, states, that in 1205 A.D. 
“ Chingis [the Cingiz, or Great, Khan] entered Tibbat, and subjugated all its 
provinces with the exception of Mi-Nag.” This invasion of Tingqut, as the Mu gh als 
style it, took place in 603 H. (1206-7 A.D). The Lamah afterwards states that 
“ Chingis subjugated Mi-nag of Tibbat in 1225 A.D., after which he died.” This 
agrees with the Mughal accounts, which state, that, in 622 H. (1224-25 A.D.), the 
Cingiz Khan entered Tingqut or Qashin, Shidarqu. the Tingri Khan, the ruler, having 
assembled a vast army, intending to throw olf the Mughal yoke. The cities of 
Qam-jiw, Ka-ju, Su-ju, Arumi or Urumi, were taken, and the city of Ningai, 
evidently the Ning-hya of the Chinese, was invested. See Tabaqdt-i-Ndsirl, page 
1085. 
It must not be forgotten that Tibbat and parts adjacent have been subject to 
some great earthquakes, which probably changed the face of the country in many 
parts, and the courses of rivers. There was a great earthquake in 1352 A.D., and 
another, a fearful one, in 1681 A.D. 
1 This name is written Nim here — r*- Before it was Yam — — and I be« 
lieve the additional point, making it Nim, is an error of the copyist. 
