1895.] Trevor Bomford —Language spoTcen in the Western Panjab. 295 
In modern use they are put after the noun just as ka, ke, ki are 
used in Urdu, but in that translation the suffix is always united with the 
preceding noun by an “h”—As no vowels are written, only the letters 
u hd ” appear, which stand for ‘ -ah da,’ 1 -ah di,’ etc., according to cir¬ 
cumstances— 
glirhd mlk ) = gharah damalik—or in modern style ghar da malik. 
Note. —2. From Burton. In the South of the Multan! speaking 
districts we have for da, etc., the Sindh! forms ja, je, ji, juS— 
although the last form is not found in Sindh! proper. 
b. Dative Case. 
kd ^ The former is the more common and is 
kane ) equivalent to the Urdu “ ko ” 
du this is used after verbs of motion. 
It is also written ; but see notes on the ablative. 
Note. —Burton gives. 
Uj* kt 
ta! 
y (o>) nu (nd). This is the common dative suffix in Panjabi, 
but is not used in Western Panjabi. 
Examples. 
(1) ‘ Andhar pia sarkar ku, jo c5r badhe kotwal ku,’ 
Blindness has fallen on the Government, when the thief binds the 
watchman. 
(2) ‘ Pardes du gaya,’ He has gone to a foreign land. 
c. The Accusative is like the Nominative without any postposition, 
or it uses the “ kil ” of the Dative. 
d. The Ablative is known by the ending ‘ o ’ or ‘ t,’ which is at¬ 
tached— 
1. Directly to nouns 
Examples. 
1 Sunja khudao dadha,’ 
2 . 
* Hiki galho darda,’ 
To adverbs of place, 
ithu from here 
uthft „ there 
kithu 
as “ shahr,” a city. 
“ Shahro,” from the city. 
The desolate is more powerful 
than God. 
Of one thing I am afraid. 
Jadu this!, from the time it will 
be. 
where 
3. To prepositions or postpositions. 
* Shahr vie,’ in the city, ‘ Shahr vico,’ from (in) the cifcy. 
‘ Pahar ute,’ on the hill, ‘ Pahar uto/ from (on) the hill. 
