1895.] Trevor Bomford— Language spoken in the Western Panjdb. 297 
Note 3.—This ablative ending—is found, 
1. In Marathi in the form ‘ un * or ‘ bun.’ The presence of the 
‘ h’ in this case accounts for its presence in 4 kdlhit,’ ‘ ahu,’ as used 
in Western Panjabi, and also for the doubling of the consonant in cases 
when the 4 h ’ is not found—the additional consonant representing the 
lost 4 h ’ 
2. In Sindhl. 1 
3. Very commonly in Panjabi as ‘gharo,’ from the house, ‘jano 
mama,’ to kill from life. 
4. It is found in Urdu as in 4 bhukho marna,’ to die from hunger. 
1. The Instrumental Oase is either the same as the Nominative or 
as that form of the noun which takes the other postpositions (and 
which is called the Formative). 
In Urdu it is always followed by the post position 4 ne ’ (when the 
verb is transitive, as 4 mai ne farmaya’), but authorities are divided as 
to the use of the post-fix in MultanI, some saying that ‘ mai farmaya * 
is sufficient. 
The 4 ne ’ is always used in the Seram pore New Testament and by 
many natives of Multan itself, but is rarely heard in the Muzaffargarh 
or Dera GhazI Khan districts or in the Bahawalpur state. 1 
e. Nouns masculine ending in a Consonant make no change in the 
Singular when post-fixes are added, but to form the plural they add 
Of E (in the nominative) e (to the formative), and j o (to the vocative). 
Ex. Sing. Nom., Form., and Voc. dand a bullock. 
, Plur. Nom. dands bullocks 
Form. dande 
Voc. dando 
2. Nouns feminine ending in a Consonant make no change in the 
Singular, but, for the Plur. Nom., add Ul a, for the Formative ^ i ; 
and, for the Vocative j ‘ 5.’ 
Ex. Sing. Nom. Form, and Voc. pahaj, a rival wife. 
„ Plur. Nom. pahaja, Form, puhaji, Voc. pahajo. 
3. Nouns masculine in 2 a substitute e for the formative 
singular, e for the Nom. Plural, iyS for the Formative, and ^ iyo 
for the Vocative. 
Ex. Sing. Nom. banda a servant 
u 
>» 
» 
Form. bande 
Voc. banda. 
Plur. Nom. ufAy bande 
„ Form, ubaij bandiyfs 
„ Voc.^A^ij bandiyo. 
mination of the Apabhraiinja Prakrit Ablative, or a particle of emphasis, a variety 
of the Prakrit Tchu, and Sanskrit Jchalu (Hema-candra, ii, 198). Ed.] 
1 All these rules are uncertain, for they vary much in different parts. They ore 
given here as I found them in Mr. O’Brien’s MS. Notes. 
