316 Trevor Bom ford — Language spoken in the Western Panjab. [No. 4, 
7. The Conditional. 
This is formed— 
From the Potential in agreement with the Noun, and the 3rd 
Pers. Sing, past of the Yerb Substantive, as,— 
a. 
mari ha, 
had I beaten, 
mare ha, 
hadst thou beaten, &c., 
mare ha, 
had he beaten. 
‘ Je 
gabe hal vahain 
ha, dande di galh k51 puchhe ha,’ If 
calves had worked the plough, would any one have asked for 
bullocks ? 
* Je sai howe ha, meda bhira na mare ha,’ If the master had been 
here, my brother had not died. 
‘ Yec chore ha,’ You ought to sell it. 
b. as in Urdu with the present participle, 
as, Je sai honda meda bliira na mar venda. 
8. Present Dejinite. 
I am beating. 
Is compounded of the Present Participle, with the Indefinite Present 
of the Substantive Verb. The two parts are sometimes distinct, some¬ 
times contracted. In the latter case there is often a shade of indefinite¬ 
ness in the meaning. 
1st Sing, marenda ha 
marenda hi 
^ laUj/o marenda lie 
yo marende haT 
marende ho 
2nd 
3rd 
1st 
2nd 
3rd 
a 
a 
Plur. 
or 
11 
JJ 
it 
It 
It 
^marende liin 
it 
c. _ 
or 
It 
it 
tt 
it 
>5 
mai enda. 
marendi. 
marende. 
marendi. 
marendiyo. 
marendin. 
Ex. 
‘ Dost aukhe velhe pakardin,’ In time of need friends are 
useful. 
‘ Jiwe kutte jangli sur kil aparendin,’ As dogs catch a wild pig 1 . 
Note. The definite character of the tense is intensified by the 
insertion of pia (past participle of pawanr, to fall) between 
the component parts, as 
‘ Karenda pia liH,’ I am in the act of doing. 
9. The Imperfect. 
I was beating. 
This is compounded of the Present Participle, and the Past tense 
of the Substantive Yerb, as, marenda ham, I was beating. 
Ex. ‘ Mai golenda vl ihojihi moti ham,’ I too was seeking pearls 
like this (the separation of the two parts is unusual). 
