370 L. de Niceville & Dr. L. Martin — Butterflies of Sumatra. [No. 3, 
not below 3,000 feet elevation, not even being found at Bekantschan. 
As Dr. Hagen wrongly diagnosed tliis species by making it a “variety ” 
of D. melaneus , Cramer, which it certainly is not, seeing that it 
is a local race of D. tytia , Gray; as moreover, lie spelt the name 
incorrectly, I refuse to accept his name for the species, though 
it is prior to mine. In all cases where a species has been first described 
incorrectly as a “variety” of another species, and is subsequently 
proved to be a distinct species, it is optional for the author who so 
proves it to be distinct to use the varietal name so given to it in a full 
specific sense, or to rename it altogether. 
16. Danats ( Gaduga) banksii, Moore. 
Caduga banksii , Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond , 1883, p. 251, n. 8. 
Moore. Grose Smith as melaneus , Cramer. Semper as aglea , 
Cramer. Hagen as aglea and melaneus. It is a good local race of 
D. melaneus , Cramer, from the eastern Himalayas, Assam, Burma, 
and the Malay Peninsula. Occurs on the Central Plateau and higher 
hills as also in the plains, the specimens from the highest points being 
richer and darker in colour than those from a lower elevation. 
17. * Eupl(EA ( Menama ) buxtoni, Moore. 
Menama buxtoni, Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1883, p. 265, n. 5. 
Moore. Originally described from Sumatra. Dr. Martin has not 
met with any species of this distinct subgenus in Sumatra. 
18. * Eupl(ea ( Menama ) modesta, Butler. 
Grose Smith. Originally described from Siam. It is more than 
doubtful if two species of the subgenus Menama occur in Sumatra. Dr. 
Hagen records quite funnily “ Menama species near loeza .” He does not 
appear to know that Menama is a genus of Mr. Moore’s, he treats the 
name as specific. The species “loeza” is probably intended to mean 
Menama lorzse , Moore, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1883, p. 265, n. 6, pi. 
xxxi, fig. 5, male , from Sandakan, North Borneo. 
19. Euplcea ( Tronga ) bremeri, Felder. 
Hagen. Butler. A common species in the plains and occurs also in 
the lower ranges of the mountains up to 1,500 feet elevation. In 
December, 1894, and January, 1895, Dr. Martin obtained hundreds of 
specimens from Kepras, a village on the boundary between Langkat 
and the independent Battak country. The female is always somewhat 
scarce. It may be of interest to note that out of large numbers of but¬ 
terflies of this species there are always to be found a few males which 
