1895.] L. de Niceville & Dr. L. Martin — Butterflies of Sumatra. 387 
it prefers. Often met with in pepper gardens; plentiful at Batoe 
Gadjali near the Begoemit river. It has a very weak flight, often settles, 
and is easily captured. It is very variable in both the shade of the 
ground-colour of the upperside and the extent of the white on the 
underside, some specimens having the white bands fully twice as broad 
as others. 
85. # Ragadia makuta, Horsfield. 
Mr. Moore records B. crisia, Hiibner, from the Malay Peninsula 
and Borneo, and B. makuta , Horsfield, from Sumatra and Java. I have 
an extensive series of Bagadias from all these localities, and while these 
specimens shew great variation in the colour of the ground and the 
respective width of the bands, it appears to me obvious that they all 
represent one species. Until the publication of vol. ii of Mr. Moore’s 
“ Lepidoptera Indica,” p. 113 (1893), B. makuta was always given as a 
synonym of B. crisia , and Mr. Moore in that work does not give his 
reasons for separating them. 
86. E rites elegans, Butler. 
Hagen. The rarest of the three Sumatran species of the genus. 
87. Erites Argentina, Butler. 
Grose Smith as madura [sic]. Hagen. Somewhat rare. 
88. Erites angularis, Moore. 
Hewitson as madura [sic], var. The commonest species of 
the genus occurring in Sumatra. E. medura , Horsfield, is confined, as 
far as our present knowledge extends, to Java and Palawan in the 
Philippines. All the species of Erites are true forest butterflies, and 
they are not only found in the large virgin forests, but also in younger 
jungle with plenty of grass under foot. At an elevation of 1,200 feet 
they disappear. On the wing they remind one of Bagadia, as they also 
have a very weak flight, and often settle with closed wings. It is a 
very interesting fact that in such a relatively small area as are the 
districts of Deli, Langkat, and Serdang, three quite distinct species of 
this rather small genus should be found. (Confer de Niceville, Journ. 
A. S. B., vol. lxii, pt. 2, p. 1 (1893). 
89. Melanitis ismene, Cramer. 
Hewitson as Cyllo leda. Snellen as Cyllo leda. Hagen as leda and 
ismene. Distant as leda and ismene. The dry-season form (ismene) and 
wet-season form ( determinata , Butler), occur together at the same time 
J. ii. 49 
