1895.] L. de Kiceville & Dr. L. Martin —Butterflies of Sumatra 1 . 501 
figulina , Butler), rich orange, or deep crimson, with an equally inconstant 
development of the black markings along the veins, and of the discal 
fascia. The females also shew somewhat similar variations. Males are 
not rare in large forest, and frequent wet spots on roads. Females are 
very rare, Dr. Martin has only four specimens. It is found throughout 
the year and over the whole of our area except at the higher elevations; 
even occurs near the sea, Dr. Martin having taken it at the Saentis 
Estate. It flies very rapidly if pursued. The A. nebo , Grose Smith 
and Kirby, Rhop. Ex., pi. Appias i, figs. 1, 2, male (1894) described 
from Upper Burma, and of which I possess both sexes from the same 
locality taken in April, is I believe only a spring dry-season form of 
G. nero. Other synonyms of this species appear to be Tachyris galba, 
Wallace, described from U. India; Pieris domitia, Felder, described 
from Luzon; Pieris zamboanga , Felder, described from Mindanao; 
Pieris asterope , Felder, described from Luzon; Appias mindanensis t 
Butler, from Mindanao ; and perhaps the Tachyris nero, var. palawanica, 
Staudinger, described from Palawan, is hardly separable. 
554. Catophaga hippo, Cramer. 
Grose Smith as enarete and lyncida. Hagen as lyncida and hippo . 
Wallace. Staudinger as lyncida , var. hippo. Distant as enarete , var. 
C. lyncida was described and figured by Cramer from a male speci¬ 
men, the habitat given being “ Surinam,” which, as in nearly all 
similar cases, was probably a lapsus calami for Sumatra. C. hippo , 
Cramer, was figured and described from a female specimen, the habitat 
given is “ The west coast of Sumatra.” These two names may perhaps 
represent opposite sexes of one and the same species ; but as Wallace 
says that “ Tachyris ” hippo “ Is distinguished from its allies [“ Papilio ” 
lyncida , &c.] by the clear ochre-yellow colour of the under surface of 
the lower wings in both sexes,” I have used G. hippo for the species, 
though G. lyncida is the older. The latter name applies to the Javan 
form, which has the ground-colour of the underside of the hindwing 
entirely white. The G. enarete of Boisduval was described from the 
“Moluccas,” probably in error, and is recorded by Dr. Wallace from 
Borneo, and may perhaps be kept distinct from C. hippo, as it has 
the outer black margin to the hindwing on the underside in the 
male broader than in that species. G. hippo in Sumatra is a con¬ 
stant species, and does not exhibit the great seasonal dimorphism which is 
found in the Indian forms. It is much commoner than G. nero, Fabri- 
cius, and the females are not very rare. It is found throughout the 
year, but only in or near the forest. The males often assemble twenty 
or thirty together on a small puddle on the road, the female is found in 
