1895.] L. cle Niceville & Dr. L. Martin —Butterflies of Sumatra . 509 
records (c) T. amphrysus itamcoUis , Druce, (5 2 ), ab. ruflcollis , Butler, from 
Sumatra. 
571. Troides ( Pompeoptera) cuneifera, Oberthur. 
Ornithnplera amphrisius, Fabricius, ab. cuneifera, Oberthur, Etudes d’Ent., 
vol. iv, p. 110, n. 9 (1879). 
Papilio ( Ornithoptera) ritsemse, Snellen, Notes from the Leyden Museum, vol. xi, 
p. 153 (1889). 
Ornithoptera riisemse, var, sumairana, Hagen, Iris, yol. vii, p. 19, n. 5 (1894). 
Hagen as ritsemse , var. sumatrana. Found from January to July 
only at high elevations to the south of Bekantschan and at Soengei 
Batoe. It is rare, as Dr. Martin in thirteen years obtained only three 
males and two worn females. He notes u That the Sumatran race 
of T. ritsemaSj originally described from Java, differs from Javan 
specimens in not having the two cuneiform velvety dark brown spots 
on the npperside of the abdomen ; the forewing is coloured and marked 
exactly like Javan examples ; the hind wing has the submarginal row 
of dusky powdered spots so very conspicuous and complete in Javan 
specimens very slightly indicated, faint, and reduced to one or two 
only, in Sumatran examples.” Rothschild does not allow this species 
specific rank, but gives it in his exhaustive paper in “ Hovitates 
.Zoologicee,” vol. ii, p. 232 (1895), entitled “ A Revision of the Pupilios 
of the Eastern Hemisphere, exclusive of Africa,” under Troides amphrysus, 
Cramer, as (d), T. amplirysus sumatranus , Hagen. Unfortunately this 
paper only reached me when the whole of the present article was in 
print, so that on this occasion I am not able to give it full justice. 
All Troides are true inhabitants of the forest, but the yellow species 
( Pompeoptera) in both sexes are very fond of flowers, Hibiscus , Ixora , 
and Poinciana pulcherrima , and so approach houses and are seen in the 
gardens, but they never settle on roads. T. broohiana ( Trogonoptera) 
on the contrary never settles on flowers, but only on damp spots on 
roads and also near houses on manure heaps and kitchen middens. All 
of them were very appropriately named generically Ornitlwptera by 
Boisduval, as on the wing they really look very much like birds, especially 
T. broohiana , which when sailing high over a road or in the forest has 
a most striking resemblance to the small and common Swift of the 
tropics. Usually they fly slowly, bnt if pursued their flight becomes 
extremely rapid, so that they are soon borne out of reach and sight. 
They never entirely settle on flowers, but seize them with their 
forelegs, they float above the flower by gently moving the wings for a 
few seconds, when they seek another. They are strong fliers, as the 
females in especial have to make long journeys to find the rare food- 
plant, when so flying they keep high up in the air, doubtless to 
