510 L. de Niceville & Dr. L. Martin — Butterflies of Sumatra. [No. 3, 
overlook a large stretch of jungle. All Troides are early risers, and 
are already out at 7 o’clock in the morning; in the hottest hours of the 
day they are rarely seen, but appear again late in the evening at 5 
or 6 o’clock, when with the exception of some Satyrinse, Amathusiinse 
and Hesperiidse all other butterflies have gone to rest long ago. 
Mr. Walter Rothschild refers to the Malay Peninsula local race as 
T. broohianus albescens. 
572. Papilio ( Menelaides ) antiphus, Fabricius. 
P. antiphus , Hagen, Iris, vol. vii, p. 20, n. 12, pi. i, fig. 1, larva (1804). 
Grose Smith. Snellen as anthipus [sic]. Hagen. Staudinger. In 
Ti ■ans. Linn. Soc. Lond., first series, vol. xxv, p. 20 (1865), Dr. Wallace 
records P. diphilus , Esper, = P. aristolochise, Fabricius, from Sumatra, 
ut this probably in error, as on page 43, n. 26 (Z. c.) he omits Sumatra 
from the habitat of the species. It is not a little remarkable I think 
that P. dipliilus should occur commonly in the Malay Peninsula and Java, 
between which Sumatra lies, but not in Sumatra itself, it being replaced 
by the present species. In Java both P. diphilus and P. antiphus are 
found. In Sumatra P. antiphus flies in the plains throughout the 
year and quite near the sea, is common at Laboean and Terdjoen, but 
certainly not much higher than Namoe Oekor. It is seen on roads, in 
gardens and orchards, near rivers, is plentiful on the above-mentioned 
Veronica-\iVQ blue flower, but not in large forest. It flies slowly and 
sails near the ground, and is the most common Papilio of Sumatra next 
to P. polytes , Linnaeus. The larva is velvety black, with numerous black 
red-tipped fleshy tubercles or processes, the sixth segment is milky- 
white much as in P. erebus , Wallace. It feeds according to Dr. Haoen 
on the same Piperacea as P. erebus, Wallace, but Dr. Martin has also 
bred it on the common Aristolochia indica, Linnaeus, and notes that the 
full-fed caterpillar feeding on the latter plant is reddish-brown through¬ 
out without the milky-white saddle-mark on the sixth segment. The 
pupa is brown, with blunt notches and protuberances. This larva, 
like that of Troides amphrysus , Cramer, eats not only the leaves but 
also the stalks of the food-plant. Rothschild does not consider 
P. antiphus to be a species distinct from P. aristolochise , but records it 
from Sumatra as (gr), P. aristolochise antiphus, Fabricius. 
573. ^Papilio ( Menelaides ) COON, Fabricius. 
Grose Smith. Wallace. Distant. There are typical specimens of 
P. coon in Dr. Staudinger’s collection from Padang in Western Sumatra, 
though the locality is somewhat doubtful, as the specimens may have 
been obtained from old collections with wrong labels given by dealers. 
It occurs also in Java and Borneo. 
