1895.] L. de NIceville & Dr. L. Martin —"Butterflies of Sumatra. 515 
on roads. The larva feeds on different species of Citrus, the larva 
and pupa being practically identical with those of P. helenus , so that it is 
only when the imago emerges that one is able to know with certainty 
which species is being bred. The pupal state lasts about a fortnight. 
Rothschild records it from Sumatra as (b), P. nephelus saturnus , Guerin, 
(a 2 ), $ -ab. albolineatus , Forbes. 
584. Papilio ( Charus ) diophantus, Grose Smith. 
P. diophantus, Grose Smith and Kirby, Rhop. Ex., vol. i, pi. Papilio i, figs. 4, 
male ; 3, female (1887). 
Grose Smith. Hagen as diaphantus [sic]. 
Habitat : N.-E. Sumatra. 
Expanse : $ , 4*7 inches. 
Description : Female. Differs from the male in being larger. 
Upperside, both wings paler. Forewing with a diffused discal macular 
pale ochreous band from the inner margin to the lower discoidal nervule. 
Hindwing with the large quadrifid whitish patch of a deeper and more 
ochreous colour than in the male, and continued to the abdominal margin 
in a narrow decreasing deep ochreous band. Underside, both wings as 
in the male. 
Restricted to Sumatra, and found, like P. forbesi, Grose Smith, 
only on the Central Plateau not below 3,000 feet. The males on sandy 
river beds throughout the year. The female is very rare, Dr. Martin 
obtained two or three only in thirteen years. Messrs. Grose Smith and 
Kirby say that their fig. 3 is taken from a female. If this is so (it 
looks like a male) it differs greatly from the female described above 
by me. 
585. Papilio ( Iliades) memnon, Linnaeus. 
Grose Smith. Snellen. Hagen as memnon and esperi. Wallace. 
Staudinger. Kirby. In Sumatra the female of this species is repre¬ 
sented by four distinct forms :— 
I. Tailless, nearest to the male; forewing with a red epaulette, 
i.e., the base of the discoidal cell on the upperside is red; the disc of the 
forewing beyond the discoidal cell towards the apex is whitish, there 
are all gradations from a few whitish streaks only between the veins 
to a large apical white area bearing a few black streaks and crossed 
by the black veins, the extreme apex of the wing is always dusky. 
Abdomen quite black, with the exception of the extreme apex which 
is yellow. This form from Sumatra is figured by Wallace in Trans. 
Linn. Soc. Lond., Zoology, first series, vol. xxv, pi. i, fig. 3 (1865). 
II. Tailless; fore wing with a creamy-white epaulette; the disc 
J. ii 65 
