1895.] L. de Niceville & Dr. L. Martin —Butterflies of Sumatra. 523 
595. Papilio ( Achillides ) karna, Felder. 
P. ( Achillides) discordia, de Niceville, Journ. Bomb. Nat. Hist. Soc., vol. vii, 
p. 343, n. 17, pi. I, fig. 2, male (1892). 
Hagen as karna. When describing this distinct species I over¬ 
looked P. karna , Felder, described from Java, as Mr. Kirby had placed 
it in his Synonomic Catalogue as a “ var.’ ? of P. arjuna , Horsfield, 
instead of admitting its undoubtedly valid specific rank as he should 
have done. It is very rare, and occurs on the western boundary of 
our area in the Gayoe territory, from whence in thirteen years Dr. Martin 
obtained only ten specimens in the months of January and May. This 
fine species is much larger than P. arjuna. Mr. Rothschild considers 
P. karna to be a sub-species only of P. arjuna , and records it from 
Sumatra as ( 6 ), P. arjuna karna , Felder. 
596. Papilio ( Rarimala ) palinurus, Fabricius. 
Grose Smith as palinurus and brama. Hagen as palinurus and 
brama. Wallace as brama. Butler as brama. Distant as brama. 
Kirby as palinurus , De Haan (nec Fabricius). Ho author as far as 
I am aware has ventured to point out how P. palinurus , Fabricius, 
and P. daedalus, Felder, are supposed to differ. Dr. Wallace in his 
paper on the Papilionidae of the Malayan Region keeps P. brama , 
Guerin, described from the Malayan Coast, and P, daedalus distinct, but 
does not mention P. palinurus at all. The latter was described by 
Fabricius from Tranquebar. P. palinurus is found in Burma, the 
Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Borneo, and the Philippine Isles, P. daedalus 
in the Philippines. A closely allied species is P. crino , Fabricius, 
erroneously described from Africa, but found from Northern India to 
Ceylon. I have a good series of P. palinurus from all the localities 
above named, and can find no single character by which to separate 
them. The exact position of the discal green band on the upperside 
of the hind wing seems to be inconstant, in some specimens it reaches 
well into the discoidal cell, in others it is bounded by the disco-cellular 
nervules. In Sumatra P. palinurus is found in the plains only of Deli 
and Langkat, occurring throughout the year, and is decidedly rare, but 
is somewhat commoner in Serdang. It flies in the forest and settles 
on wet spots on forest roads. It is fond of flowers, Ixora , Lantana , 
&c., goes to gardens, and is very shy and quick on the wing. It is 
not protected against birds, as Dr. Martin has often picked up wings 
without body. 
597. Papilio ( Meandrusa ) payeni, Boisduval. 
Grose Smith. Hagen. P. evan , Doubleday, from N.-E. India, is a 
J. ii 66 
