4 THE MODERN LITERARY HISTORY OF HINDtfSTlN. [§ 7. 
Khand of the poem, which, however, is probably spurious, or at 
least not by Chand, has been more than once translated into Hindi. 1 
It deals with the famous heroes Alha and Odan (or Alha and Rudal, 
according to the tradition of Eastern Hindustan), and the trans¬ 
lation with which I am best acquainted (without, however, being 
in a position to vouch for its accuracy) is that by Thakur Das, of 
Fatihgarh, under the name of the Alkhand. This is not the same as 
the Alha Khand which will be found described under the head of 
the poet Jag’nik (No. 7), though it deals with the same heroes. 
According to G-arcin de Tassy (Histoire, etc., i, 138), a Russian savant , 
Robert Lenz by name, translated a portion of Chand’s poem, which he 
intended to have published in 1836 on his return to St. Petersburg, 
but the premature death of this scholar deprived orientalists of this 
interesting work. Col. Tod printed a translation of an episode 
under the title of ‘The Yow of Sanjogta' 2 in the 25th volume of 
the Asiatic Journal, pp. 101—112, 197—211, 273—286. 
My own studies of this poet’s work have inspired me with a great 
admiration for its poetic beauty, but I doubt if any one not perfectly 
master of the various Raj’putana dialects could ever read it with 
pleasure. It is, however, of the greatest value to the student of 
philology, for it is at present the only stepping stone available to 
European explorers in the chasm between the latest Prakrit and the 
earliest Gaudian authors. Though we may not possess the actual text 
of Chand, we have certainly in his writings some of the oldest known 
specimens of Gaudian literature, abounding in pure Apabhramca 
QaiurasenI Prakrit forms. 
According to Garcin de Tassy (l.c.), we owe to this poet another 
work, entitled Jat Chandra Prakas, or history of Jai Chand, which is 
written in the same dialect as the Ray’sa, and is quoted by Ward. 
7. the bard Jag’nik or Jag’nayak, of Mahoba, in 
Bund&l’khand. FL 1191 A.D. 
• • 
Contemporary with Chand was the bard Jag’nik. I am not certain 
that I have ever seen any of this poet’s works. He attended the court 
of Par’mdi (Paramardi), of Mahoba, in Bundel’khand, and chronicled 
the wars of that prince with Prithwi Raj . There is a not impossible 
1 For an English translation of an episode in the Mahoba Khand, see Tod, 
614 and ff. ; Calc, ed., i, 648 and ff. 
2 Cf. Tod, i, 623 and ff.; Calc, ed., i, 657 and ff. 
