§13.] 
THE RELIGIOUS REVIVAL OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY. 
7 
CHAPTER II. 
THE EELIGIOITS REVIVAL OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY. 
10. the master Ramanand. FI. c. 1400 
A.D. 
Rag. We now leave the era of the bards, and, emerging from the 
mists of antiquity, come upon a great revival of literature coincident 
with the rise of the Vaishnava religion, at the commencement of the 
fifteenth century. The first name we meet is that of Ramanand 
(fl. cir. 1400 A.D.). He was much more of a religious reformer (see 
Wilson, Religious Sects of the Hindus, i, 47) than an author, but I 
have collected hymns written, or purporting to have been written, by 
him, which had travelled in the people’s mouths as far east as M/thila . 
11. Bhawanand. FI. c. 1400 A.D. 
One of Ramanand’s immediate disciples (Wilson, Religious Sects 
of the Hindus, i, 56). He is the reputed author of an explanation 
in Hindi of the Yedanta system of philosophy in fourteen chapters, 
entitled Amrit Dhar • See Mack. Cat. ii, 108, quoted by Garcin de 
Tassy, i, 140. 
i 
12. th e poet Sen, of Bandho. FI. c. 1400 A.D. 
Haj. One of Ramanand’s immediate disciples, a barber by caste. 
Poems by him are also in the Sikh Granth . He and his descendants 
were for some time the family gurus of the Rajas of Bandho (RJwa). 
See Wilson, Religious Sects of the Hindus, i, 118, for a legend 
concerning him. 
4 
13. Kabir Das, the Jolalia (weaver) of Bananas . 
FI. c. 1400 A.D. 
Haj., Rag. He was the most famous of Ramdnand’s disciples. 
His principal works are included in the well-known Sabdaball, Ramai- 
nls, Sakhls, and the Sukh Nidhan, which are everywhere known and 
quoted at the present day. According to tradition, he was the son of 
