J 52 T. Bomford— Pronominal Adjuncts in the Language spolcen [No. 3, 
place of those which are 
formed 
with 
the direct adjunct as part of the 
present tense 
B. from the base ha. 
1st Pers. 
Sing. 
ha 
im 
or 
ha 
m 
in common talk 
2nd „ 
V 
ha 
ve 
or 
ha 
vi 
This is I think a feminine. 
3rd „ 
ha 
us 
1st „ 
Plur. 
ha 
se 
2nd „ 
5 ) 
ha 
ve 
3rd „ 
?? 
ha 
nil! 
• 
Of these the 1st and 2nd Singular, and the 1st and 2nd Plurals, are 
extensively used for what should be the direct forms of the Past Ter.se 
of the Substantive Verb, but are also used with their own peculiar 
signification. 
These two tenses (if we may call them so) are in very common use 
in connection with the Past Participles of Transitive Verbs, to form the 
Perfect and Pluperfect Tenses of such verbs. In this case they represent 
the Agent and, often, the pronoun is fully written before the verb as 
well as expressed in the Suffix: but they are often found, especially 
when a Dative has to be expressed, independently of auy other verb. 
Examples of 1st Person Singular. 
1st Tense as Agent. 
Mai kanak rihai him, By me wheat has been sown by me. 
E sare zewar pate him, All these jewels have been worn by me. 
1st Tense as Dative. 
Itli tasalli tin gai him, So much comfort has come to me. 
Du gal he taT kanfi puchaniE him, Two questions to be asked from 
thee are to me. 
2nd Tense as Agent. 
Mai farmaish kiti haim, By me the order was given by me. 
Taiyar kita liaim, Preparation was made by me. 
Biyan jo sunia ham, The account which was heard by me. 
2nd Tense as Dative. 
Kujh accha na lagda haim, Nothing seemed good to me. 
Tir lagge hue liaim dil kTI, The arrows went home to me to the heart. 
Examples of 2nd Person Singular. 
1st Tense as Agent. 
Tai tarah badshah da suniha mai kn pahuncaya hei, As the 
king’s message was delivered to me by thee. 
Iku. suujata hei, To him has recognition been by thee. 
