1897.] 
in the Western and Southern Parts of the Panjab. 
153 
1st Tense as Dative. 
Hik galh hei, One word to thee. 
Gurdish hei, Trouble is to thee. 
2nd Tense as Agent. 
E kanak kith! rihal havi, Where was this wheat sown by thee. 
Til minnat kiti have, By thee a request was made by thee. 
2nd Tense as Dative. 
Yar ay a havi, Did thy lover come to thee. 
Examples of 3rd Person Singular. 
1st Tense as Agent. 
Kanak mol glridl his, Wheat has been bought by him. 
Kiya qusur kita, his, What crime has been done by him. 
Occasionally the Substantive Verb instead of being merely re¬ 
presented by ‘ h ’ takes its own plural form to agree with the Nomina¬ 
tive, if that is plural: thus 
AssakS ni‘amate ditti! hinnis, By him blessings have been 
given to us. 
Itli shai as saldl khoaya hinnis, So many things to eat 
have been given to us by him. 
1st Tense as Dative. 
Bukhar his, Fever is to him. 
DadhI sat lagl his, A severe blow was struck to him. 
Ghairat dil vie aundi his, Jealousy is coming into the heart 
to him, i. e., into his heart. 
2nd Tense as Agent. 
Jerha dinh muqarrar kita haus, The day which was ap¬ 
pointed by him. 
Iho jibs bagh na sunia huya haus, Such a garden as this 
had never been heard of by him. 
2nd Tense as Dative. 
Sabh kujh ghar vie haus, Everything was in the house to him. 
Kahi shai di parwa na haus, Care about anything was not 
to him. 
Toie jo banhe vi rakh ditte! hamis, although female slaves 
were appointed by me for him. 
Occasionally instead of merely the root ha we find a modified 
plural form, of the 3rd pers. plur. of the Past Tense, to agree with a 
Nominative Plural. The full form is liai or linn, as 
Jitle zewar hath lagde hanis, As many jewels as came into 
the hand to him, i. e as came into his hand. 
Bhil sari! kapre ute paundil hanis, Very many used to fall 
iuto his clothes. 
