335 
J897.] M. M. Chakravarti— Language and Literature of Orissa. 
into direct contact with Vidyanagara. In this way several Srnrti works 
were compiled and a band of scholars grew up whom Raghunanda 
specifically mentions as Odra-degiyah . 1 * 3 
The Oriya treatises on Srnrti may be divided into two classes :— 
(a) Paddhatis or Manuals ; 
(b) Commentaries. 
(a) Among the Paddhatis the best known are :— 
(1) Vidyakara-Paddhati; 
(2) f uddhi-Candrika.; 
(3) fambhukara-Paddhati; 
(4) Karmaijga-Paddhati. 
1. Vidyakara’s Paddhati I have not yet come across. Bat it has 
been largely quoted or referred to in Ragliunandana’s work.* From the 
extracts therein given, the date of his work can be approximately arrived 
at. The anterior limit is fixed by Madhavacarya’s time, the revived Oriya 
scholarship dating after him. Vidyakara cannot therefore be earlier 
than the second half of the 14th century. The posterior limit is fixed 
by his lines being quoted in the Acarapradipa, s and in the Madaua- 
parijata, 4 * both of which are mentioned by Raghunandana. These 
works belong to the 15th century. 6 Madana-parijata is not an Oriya 
work. Hence Vidyakara must be much older, as the fame of any 
1 WUPC ^ ” Raghu- 
nandan’s Astavirinja-tattvani, p. 576. 
* P- 72 and same again P- 325; 
p. 79; p. 163, 169, 170; Do. p. 179 and same again in 
p. 554; p. 185, and same again in p. 557; 
p. 326, 365 ; P- 373 and same again in p. 486; 
p. 386; p. 461; P- 539, 551 J P- 665 - 
3 Achnarapradipa MS. Folios 77, 82 ; Fol. 120. 
4 “ xfa " h c - Ka s hu * 
nandana P* 170. 
6 For the date of Acarapradipa, see infra p. 338 Madana-parijata being quot¬ 
ed by Raghunandana must be earlier than the sixteenth century ; and as it quotes 
from Madhavacarya it must be later than the fourteenth century. Presumably 
therefore it belongs to the intermediate, i.e., fifteenth century. For reference to 
Madhavacarya cf. “ *' c - Ka & hu ' 
nandana qiQ p. 347. For Raghunandana’s time see infra 
p. 339. 
