342 M. M. Chakravarti— Language and Literature of Orissa. [No. 4, 
The MS. of the Craddha-Dipa that I am using is composed of 44 folios 
with 4 or 5 lines on each page; while the MS. of Kala-Dipa is 
smaller being on 27 folios w 7 ith six lines on each page and 4 lines on the 
last page. The praddha-Dlpa text begins with •W I 
sroftTN vtwr 11 
The text ends with Tfti I <> 
The text of Kala-Dipa begins in a similar way 1 but ends dif¬ 
ferently as below :— 
<?o0jfh^NJ?Usff I 
sin*3#hnf*ni tisr ii 
tfw WJTJP u • II 
The author was well learned, and in his fraddha-Dipa quotes from 
Quddhi-Candrika, Vidyakara-Paddhati, Qambhukara-Paddhati, Nrsimha 
VajapeyTs work, V^vanatha Micra and Mukunda Diksita. Occasionally 
all the Vajapeyls are referred to as Vaja'peijinah. Mukunda-Diksita’s 
treatise appears to be lost. £raddka-Dlpa is the earlier work as it is 
alluded to in Kala-Dipa. 8 Like the other authors Divyasimha’s 
date can only be approximately arrived at. He is quoted as a high 
authority in the Smrti-Dipika, s and might be presumed to be 80 or 100 
years older than that work. The date of the Smyti-Dlpika is unknown, 
but as it is treated as an authority it cannot be less than 120 or 130 
years old. So Divyasimha’s time may be taken to the close of the 17th 
century A.D. 
5. The next two works I deal with treat of Praya 9 cittas or 
penances for sins and misdeeds, and are considered standard works 
on the subject. The first, the Pray^citta-Vilocana is largely used in the 
northern part of Orissa. Its date cannot be ascertained, but from its 
high authority and its treatment of the subject matter I am inclined to 
place it in the beginning of the 18th century. The author Vasudeva 
Tripathi, according to tradition, belonged to the Balasore District, which 
probably explains his popularity on the north side of the Brahmin! 
river. This is also somewhat corroborated by the facts that the MS. 
1 f i 
2 “ ” Kala-Dipa MS. Fol. 91. 
3 See the first line of Smrti-DIpika “ 
