42 
[No. 1, 
G. A. Grierson —On the Kagmlvi Verb. 
W w a , the mtitra -vowel remains unchanged. Thus, ^-f-«r kqr u + w a , he 
(was) made by you, becomes ^55 kqr u w a , and is pronounced korw a , and 
not koruw a . So kqr™ + ^ w a made (fem.) by you, becomes 
kar^-w 0 , and is pronounced kiiriv a . Similarly, when a matra-Y owel is 
followed by any other vocalized syllable, it remains a matra-Y owel. 
Thus, kar u -n-as , not karunas , (was) made-by-him-I. Even 
in such cases, l^vara-kaula (as in viii. iii. 3 and 4) writes kqrmv a , 
likhhv a , &c., with the matra-Y owel apparently fully pronounced, 
but in this he is, according to my Pandit, incorrect, and it is a mere 
slip of the pen. 
When, in the feminine plural, y a (e) follows one of the letters 
Tf ts, ^ tsh, 5T z, or ST n, the y a becomes a (viii. iii. 47). Thus, 
dits + n y a becomes dits a , they (fem.) (were) given. So 
hets+v y a , becomes hete a , they (fem.) (were) taken. So 
37^ wats + q y a becomes wdts a , they (fem.) arrived, ^5T daz + q 
y a becomes daz a , they (fem.) were burnt (viii. iii. 7, 12). 
So also ^ y is often elided after ^ s (viii. iii. 13). Thus, ds-f 
y a , becomes ds a , they (fem.) were. ^ y a , ^ bas a , 
they (fem.) dwelt. Icvara-kaula restricts this to verbs of the 2nd 
conjugation, but, according to my Pandit, ?fy is also elided after all 
verbs of the 1st conjugation, except in the case of teas , laugh loudly 
(impersonal). Thus, from has , fry, feminine plural afi^r kas a , but, 
from ^ teas, tease. 
In the case of the following verbs of the 1st conjugation, the 
y may, according to my Pandit, be optionally retained, arr^ thds 
bury ; ^ das , beat ; «g^ mus, eat improperly ; ^ s a s, break wind. 
Thus, thas a , or thase. 
It will be seen that the feminine of this participle ends in il-mdtrd, 
in y a (e), or in a . Before these terminations, the final consonant of the 
Past Participle undergoes certain changes. These changes only occur 
in the first and second conjugations. They are as follows : — 
Final or k, is kh , and jt g, become ^ c, w ch, and sr j respectively, 
before both 37 ii-matra and q ya (e) (viii. iii. 7). Tims,— 
