12 
G. A. Grierson —On the Kacmlrl Verb. 
[No. 1, 
2. a. This gives an interrogative force to the verb (viii. i. 14). 
Thus,— 
ejpa«r kardn cliuh. he 
V vj S. 
makes. 
karan cheli (lit. 
chyah ), she makes. 
kari, he will make. 
WT (for ^T,W + ^T) 
karan chivd, does he make ? 
3 >TT*T 13T karan chya , does sbe 
make ? 
karya , will he make ? 
parav, we shall read. 
karydn , he made. 
kgrun , he made. 
gayov, he went. 
pak u , he went. 
In the first and third persons 
a, when the person addressed is a 
■qT3T parawd, shall we read P 
karyon a , made he ? 
kgr u nd, made he ? 
gayovd , did he go P 
pgk u d, did he go ? 
Feminine, ay is substituted for 
woman. If a man is addressed, 
^ 9 is used in the first person Singular, and d in the first person 
Plural, and in the third person. 
Thus, «RTT»T karan ches a , am I (fern.) making P here a man is 
addressed. If a woman is addressed, the speaker would say chesay. 
$jr kardn chyd (cheh -f d) gs\ are we (fern.) making ? If a 
woman is addressed, the speaker must say cMy. See No. 4. 
3. °. This may be substituted for d, in the following cases. 
(а) In the first person Singular Masculine (viii. i. 15) 
Thus,— 
kardn chtis , I make. kardn chus a (instead of 
\ yj x 1 > \J ' 
qncr*T W^T kardn chusa), am I 
making P 
(б) Always in the first person Singular Feminine, when a 
man is addressed (viii. i. 17). Thus,— 
kardn ches, I (fern.) qPCI«T kardn ches a , am I (fern.) 
make. making P Here the speaker is 
addressing a man. If she was 
addressing a woman she would 
say kardn chesay. 
(c) Honorifically in the second person Singular and Plural 
(viii. i. 15). 
