58 
G. A. Grierson — On the Kflgmiri Verb. 
[No. 1, 
In the third conjugation, it is used instead of the past participle ; 
and describes something which has happened lately. Thus, 
wuphydv, he flew (a short time ago). 
This participle is formed in the first and second conjugations by 
changing the final y a ( e) of the feminine plural of the past participle 
to yov. Thus, heir, do ; past participle kgr u , fem. plur. 
hare; aorist participle haryov. 
In those cases, in which the feminine plural ends in a, instead 
of in *T y a (e), (see p. 42) the aorist participle ends in or, not in 
yov. Thus, daz , burn; past participle dad w , fem. plur. 
^5T daz a ; aorist participle dazov. There are four exceptions 
(viii. iii. 49, 81). The aorist participle of & a £s, be moist, is 
k a tsyov; that of vyats , pervade, is vyatsyov; that of 
rots , be preferred, roisyov ; [and that of ^ wiife, be burnt, 
wutsyov~\. Note that in the fem. pi. Past, in these verbs, the 
y is elided. Thus k a ts a , not k a tse; 3}^ vyaks a , not vyatse ; 
rots a not rottsb (viii. iii. 49, 81). 
In the third conjugation, the aorist participle is formed by adding 
yov to the root direct. Thus, ^ ivuph, fly, aorist participle 
wuphyov, but there are exceptions which will be dealt with later om 
l 9 vara-kaula spells this participle indifferently with yov or with 
yauv. Both are pronounced the same, like yov (viii. iii. 39). 
[The true termination of this participle is yd, the v, as well as the y 
of the plural to be noted later, are only added for the sake of euphony]. 
Special Buies for the First and Second Conjugations . 
The base of the aorist participle of the first and second conjugations 
being the same as the feminine plural of the past participle, the final 
consonant of the verbal root undergoes certain changes (viii. iii. 69, 70, 
71, 72, 73, 74, 75). For the same reason, in the aorist participle, the 
vowel of the verbal root remains unchanged (see page 41). The 
following are examples of the changes. The reader is referred to 
pp. 42 and ff. for details. 
1 Root ^ thak, be tired, aorist participle thacyov. 
2 ,, lekh, write ,, lechyov. 
3 dag, pound „ dajydv . 
