94 Gr. A. Grierson — On Indeclinable Particles in Kdgmiri. [No. I, 
Instead of m a and *f?T mat a , we may use *TT md and HfTT mats 
_ ^ 
respectively (20). Thus, HT ma kar , ^Trfr 3icf mata kart a . 
Other vocative particles may also be added. Thus, mabd 
kar, masa kar , matabd kart a , *TfpgT matasa kart a , 
and so on (20). See forms of address given in Yol. LXVII, Part I, 
pp. 92 and if. 
With other tenses of the imperative n a is used (19). Thus, 
•f kar'zi n a , you should not make. «f kar^zihe n a , you 
should not have made. 
ifT ma is used before or after a verb, to indicate a question in hesi¬ 
tation (viii. i. 29). Thus,— 
ut w^ kardn ma chuli , or iff md clink kardn , or 
*• V* > J N 
ifT ^iTT«T md kardn clink , is he making ? (J.e., see if he 
is not making it, or if he is making it or not, or perhaps 
he is not making it ?) 
ifT karydn md, did he make ? 
itT suk md kari, will he make ? 
iff bok md kar a , shall I make ? 
X 7 
The particle rfTof tail, or <TT^Tff tanat , is used in asking a question, 
when the speaker is really in doubt as to whether there is anything to 
ask (viii. i. 26). Thus,— 
?fl«T kydk tan wanun , did he say anything ? Here 
the speaker did not notice at the time what the man said, 
and afterwards recalls the fact, and, being in doubt, asks 
the question P 
<TI«T kar tan av, did he come at any time ? If so, 
when ? 
fPrf cfT^T ’STfpf kut u tan dyutun, did he give anything ? If so, 
how much ? 
rfHT tarn, or <rm<T tdmat, may be used instead of tan, or 
ffT'SjTf tanat. Thus, <TT^ 3«f«f kyak tdm wanun. 
'Slcf dyath a . This added to an interrogative word converts it into 
an intensive one (viii. i. 27). Thus,— 
3ST kar , or ^sf kan a , when ? 
