1899.] 
THE NORTHERN DISTRICTS OF KRAMARAJYA. 
209 
the names. The large village of Bumai (map 1 Bamhai ’), situated 
74° 30' long. 34° 22' lat., may be Kalhana’s BhImatika. The name 
Bumai can be traced back without difficulty to the older form ; but the 
context of the single passage in which BhImatika is mentioned, does 
not supply any evidence as to its location. 1 
Bound the north shore of the Volur lake there stretches in a semi- 
t „ circle the district of Khuy^hom. Its ancient 
District of . . n Tr . 
KhuyaSrama name is given by Kalhana as Khuyasrama 
while Shlvara and the Lokaprakasa, with a 
slight variation, call it Khoyasrama. 2 The old route which led up to 
the Madhumati stream and over the Pass of Dugdhaghata or Dud^khut 
into the Darad territory on the Kisanganga, has been already fully 
described. 3 
In connection with a Darad invasion which was directed into 
Kasmir by this route, we read of Matrgrama as the place where the 
invading force encamped. 4 This is certainly the present village of 
Matrtgdm situated close to the foot of the Trag a bal Pass, circ. 74° 43' 
long. 34° 28' lat. It lies just at the point where the route along the 
Madhumati debouches into an open valley, and is the first place where 
a larger camp could conveniently be formed. 
The tract on the north-east shore of the Volur appears in old times 
to have formed a separate small sub-division called Evenaka. It is 
once mentioned by Kalhana, and also referred to in the Tirthasamgraha. 6 
But the evidence is not sufficient for a certain location. To it 
may possibly have belonged also the village of Sudtrkdth, circ. 74° 43' 
long. 34° 18' lat., which S'rlvara refers to by the name of Samu- 
drakota . 6 
129 . We have now reached the vicinity of the Sind Valley which 
forms the largest of the Parganas of Kasmir. 
The district now known as Ldr comprises the 
whole of the valleys drained by the Sind and its tributaries as well 
as the alluvial tract on the right bank of that river after its entry into 
the great Kasmir plain. 
Its ancient name was Lahara, and by this it is mentioned in very 
District of Lahara. 
1 Compare Rdjat. vii. 6; as to the relation of Bumai < Bhimatika comp, 
\_zu : Bhima\J>esava. 
2 See Rdjat. viii. 2695-98 note. 
3 See above, § 56. 
* See Rdjat. viii. 2775. 
& Compare Rdjat. viii. 2695-98 note* 
6 See S'riv. i. 400. 
J. i. 27, 
