210 
ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY OF KAS'MIR. 
[Extra No. 2, 
numerous passages of the RajatarahginI and the later Chronicles. 1 The 
lands of the district seem to have been from early times in the hands of 
great territorial nobles. One family of Damaras resident in Lahara was 
powerful enough for its members to play the part of true kingmakers 
during a succession of reigns following after Harsa. 2 It is probable 
that the great trade-route to Ladakh and Central Asia which passes 
through the district, added already in old times to its wealth and 
importance. 
In the midst of the wide water-logged tract of the Sind Delta we 
find the ancient Tirtha of Tulamulya at the village now known as 
Tultmul, situated 74° 48' long. 34° J3' lat. The Purohita corporation 
of Tulamulya is represented as a well-to-do and influential body already 
under King Jayapida. 3 The large spring of Tulamulya is sacred to 
Maharajnl, a form of Durga, and is still held in great veneration by the 
Brahman population of STinagar. It is supposed to exhibit from time 
to time miraculous changes in the colour of its water, which are 
ascribed to the manifestation of the goddess. Owing to its convenient 
position the Tirtha attracts large numbers of pilgrims from the capital. 
Abu-1-Fazl notices the place and its marshy surroundings. 4 * About two 
and a half miles to the east of TuDmul lies the village of Dud^rhbm, on 
the main branch of the Sind which becomes here navigable. It is 
repeatedly spoken of by STlvara under its old name of Dugdhasrama. 6 
Ascending the valley we come to the large village of Mail 1 gam, 
situated a short distance from the right bank of the river, 74° 52' long. 
34° 17' lat. It is the Mayagrama of Kalhana’s Chronicle, mentioned in 
connection with a campaign of Bhiksacara in Lahara. 6 In the time of 
King Samgramaraja (a.d. 1003-28) Mayagrama gave its name to a 
separate fund ( Muyagraminaganja) which Queen S'rilekha had estab¬ 
lished evidently with the revenue assigned from this village. 7 Mafd- 
gam-Mayagrama still owns a large area of excellent rice-fields. The 
village itself contains no ancient remains ; but a short distance above 
it, at the foot of the spur which descends from a high alp known as 
1 Compare for the identification of Ldr and Lahara, note Bdjat. v. 51. The 
authors of the St. Petersburg Dictionary were already aware of it; see P. W. 
s. v. Lahara. 
i Compare regarding the political part played by Janakacandra, Gargaeandra 
and their descendants, Bdjat. viii. 15 sqq., 354 sqq., 502 sqq., etc. For an earlier 
instance of Damara power in Lahara, see v. 51 sqq. 
3 See Rdjat. iv. 638 note. 
4 Ain-i-Akb., ii. p. 364. 
b S'riv. iv. 110, 136, 263. 
# See Bdjat. viii. 729. 
1 Compare Rdjat. vii. 126. 
