196 
ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY OF KAS'MIR. 
[Extra No. 2, 
TrigramI; 
Phalapura. 
The ruins of Pariliasapura have served ever since S'amkaravarman’s 
time as quarries for stone-material. Their position near to navig¬ 
able water-channels made them particularly convenient for this 
purpose. Since 1892 when I first saw the ruins, till 1896 many large 
stone-blocks have found their way as road metal into the new Tonga 
Hoad which passes the plateau on the south. On my report steps were 
subsequently taken by the Darbar to stop this vandalism and prevent 
its recurrence. 
122. We have already above when describing the old bed of the 
Vitasta near Pariliasapura, had occasion to 
refer to the village of Trigam , the ancient Tri- 
grami. It lies about one and a half miles to 
the north-east of the Par^spor ruins. The place is mentioned already in 
Lalitaditya’s time in connection with an affray which took place at 
Pariliasapura. 1 The J3on a sar (* Bliavanasaras P) lake to the west of 
Trigam is visited as a subsidiary Tirtha on the Kapalamocana pilgrimage. 
The ruined temple south of Trigam which I believe may be identified 
with the Vainyasvamin temple, has already been mentioned in our 
remarks on the site of the old confluence. 
A ruined site which lies opposite to Vainyasvamin on the western 
side of the Trigam swamp, may for reasons set forth elsewhere be taken 
for the old Visnusvamin temple. 2 This is named by Kalhana as having 
been situated opposite to the Vainyasvamin shrine on the other side of 
the old confluence. The passage of the Chronicle describes the temple 
of Visnusvamin as belonging already to Phalapura, while Vainyasvamin 
was counted with Pariliasapura. 
From this and some other indications I conclude that Phalapura 
was the designation of a small territorial subdivision which probably 
extended along the present left bank of the Vitasta near Shad i pur. 3 
The site at which I locate the Visnusvamin temple, was included in 
recent times in the riveraine Pargana of Sairu-l-mawazi‘ Payin (map 
‘ Salimozapaieen ’). This, we know from Abu-l-Fazl, was created 
already before Akbar’s time and probably absorbed Phalapura as well 
as other minor tracts. 4 * Phalapura had received its designation from 
a locality of that name which Lalitaditya had founded apparently before 
Pariliasapura, 6 just as the latter gave its name to the Par^spor Pargana. 
1 See Rajat. iv. 323 sqq. 
8 Compare Rajat. Note I, v. 977IOO, § 12. 
s See Rajat. Note I, § 13. 
4 See Ain-i-Ahb., ii. p. 367. 
6 Compare Rajat. iv. 184, 673. 
